{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T22:25:23Z","timestamp":1774391123025,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,19]],"date-time":"2018-10-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1539907200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Gait abnormalities are one of the distinguishing symptoms of patients with Parkinson\u2019s disease (PD) that contribute to fall risk. Our study compares the gait parameters of people with PD when they walk through a predefined course under different haptic speed cue conditions (1) without assistance, (2) pushing a conventional rolling walker, and (3) holding onto a self-navigating motorized walker under different speed cues. Six people with PD were recruited at the New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine to participate in this study. Spatial posture and gait data of the test subjects were collected via a VICON motion capture system. We developed a framework to process and extract gait features and applied statistical analysis on these features to examine the significance of the findings. The results showed that the motorized walker providing a robust haptic cue significantly improved gait symmetry of PD subjects. Specifically, the asymmetry index of the gait cycle time was reduced from 6.7% when walking without assistance to 0.56% and below when using a walker. Furthermore, the double support time of a gait cycle was reduced by 4.88% compared to walking without assistance.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s18103549","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,19]],"date-time":"2018-10-19T10:08:02Z","timestamp":1539943682000},"page":"3549","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Gait Study of Parkinson\u2019s Disease Subjects Using Haptic Cues with A Motorized Walker"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6296-9851","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Minhua","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Engineering and Computing Sciences, New York Institute of Technology, New York, NY 10023, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2335-0279","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"N. Sertac","family":"Artan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Engineering and Computing Sciences, New York Institute of Technology, New York, NY 10023, USA"}]},{"given":"Huanying","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Engineering and Computing Sciences, New York Institute of Technology, New York, NY 10023, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3937-1311","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ziqian","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Engineering and Computing Sciences, New York Institute of Technology, New York, NY 10023, USA"}]},{"given":"Lyudmila","family":"Burina Ganatra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Osteopathic Medicine, New York Institute of Technology, 101 Northern Blvd, Glen Head, NY 11545, USA"}]},{"given":"Suzanna","family":"Shermon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Osteopathic Medicine, New York Institute of Technology, 101 Northern Blvd, Glen Head, NY 11545, USA"}]},{"given":"Ely","family":"Rabin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Osteopathic Medicine, New York Institute of Technology, 101 Northern Blvd, Glen Head, NY 11545, USA"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/80.6.578","article-title":"Movement disorders in people with Parkinson disease: A model for physical therapy","volume":"80","author":"Morris","year":"2000","journal-title":"Phys. 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