{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,6]],"date-time":"2026-06-06T09:26:56Z","timestamp":1780738016085,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,25]],"date-time":"2018-10-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1540425600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010198","name":"Ministerio de Econom\u00eda, Industria y Competitividad, Gobierno de Espa\u00f1a","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RTC-2016-5479-4"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RTC-2016-5479-4"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010198","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008530","name":"European Regional Development Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RTC-2016-5479-4"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RTC-2016-5479-4"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008530","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The explosion of the Internet of Things has dramatically increased the data load on networks that cannot indefinitely increment their capacity to support these new services. Edge computing is a viable approach to fuse and process data on sensor platforms so that information can be created locally. However, the integration of complex heterogeneous sensors producing a great amount of diverse data opens new challenges to be faced. Rather than generating usable data straight away, complex sensors demand prior calculations to supply meaningful information. In addition, the integration of complex sensors in real applications requires a coordinated development from hardware and software teams that need a common framework to reduce development times. In this work, we present an edge and fog computing platform capable of providing seamless integration of complex sensors, with the implementation of an efficient data fusion strategy. It uses a symbiotic hardware\/software design approach based on a novel messaging system running on a modular hardware platform. We have applied this platform to integrate Bluetooth vehicle identifiers and radar counters in a specific mobility use case, which exhibits an effective end-to-end integration using the proposed solution.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s18113630","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,26]],"date-time":"2018-10-26T03:16:16Z","timestamp":1540523776000},"page":"3630","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Edge and Fog Computing Platform for Data Fusion of Complex Heterogeneous Sensors"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2964-2846","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabriel","family":"Mujica","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Electr\u00f3nica Industrial, Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Madrid, Jos\u00e9 Guti\u00e9rrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1720-665X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roberto","family":"Rodriguez-Zurrunero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"B105 Electronic Systems Lab, ETSI Telecomunicaci\u00f3n, Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Madrid, Avenida Complutense 30, 28040 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark Richard","family":"Wilby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Group Biometry, Biosignals, Security, and Smart Mobility, Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Madrid, Avenida Complutense 30, 28040 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4896-6229","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jorge","family":"Portilla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Electr\u00f3nica Industrial, Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Madrid, Jos\u00e9 Guti\u00e9rrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0023-9607","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Bel\u00e9n","family":"Rodr\u00edguez Gonz\u00e1lez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Group Biometry, Biosignals, Security, and Smart Mobility, Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Madrid, Avenida Complutense 30, 28040 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9269-5900","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alvaro","family":"Araujo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"B105 Electronic Systems Lab, ETSI Telecomunicaci\u00f3n, Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Madrid, Avenida Complutense 30, 28040 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0532-8681","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Teresa","family":"Riesgo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Electr\u00f3nica Industrial, Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Madrid, Jos\u00e9 Guti\u00e9rrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1283-0311","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan Jos\u00e9","family":"Vinagre D\u00edaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Group Biometry, Biosignals, Security, and Smart Mobility, Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Madrid, Avenida Complutense 30, 28040 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Barnett, J. 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