{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T16:05:42Z","timestamp":1775145942286,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,16]],"date-time":"2018-11-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1542326400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2016R1D1A1A09917117"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016R1D1A1A09917117"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003700","name":"Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GP2017-033"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GP2017-033"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003700","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The intensity-based fiber optic sensor (FOS) head using twisted dual-cycle bending loss is proposed and experimentally demonstrate. The bending loss characteristics depend on the steel wire radius, number, and distance. To determine the effects of these parameters, two samples in each of seven configuration cases of the proposed FOS head were bonded to fiber reinforced plastics coupons, and tensile and flexural strain tests were repeated five times for each coupon. The bending loss of the manufactured FOS heads was measured and converted to the tensile and flexural strain as a function of configuration cases. The measurement range, sensitivity, and average measurement errors of the tensile load and flexural strain were 4.5 kN and 1760 \u03bc\u03b5, 0.70 to 3.99 dB\/kN and 0.930 to 6.554 dB\/mm, and 57.7 N, and 42.6 \u03bc\u03b5, respectively. The sensing range of FOS head were 82 to 138 mm according to configuration cases. These results indicate that it is possible to measure load, tensile strain, and flexural strain using the proposed FOS head, and demonstrate that the sensitivities, the operating ranges, and the sensing range can be adjusted depending on the deformation characteristics of the measurement target.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s18114009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,16]],"date-time":"2018-11-16T11:48:31Z","timestamp":1542368911000},"page":"4009","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Twisted Dual-Cycle Fiber Optic Bending Loss Characteristics for Strain Measurement"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0288-7517","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sang-Jin","family":"Choi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Petroleum &amp; Marine Division, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources, 124 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34132, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Seong-Yong","family":"Jeong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Smart Grid Research Center, Chonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju 54896, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3811-9798","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Changhyun","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Petroleum &amp; Marine Division, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources, 124 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34132, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kwon Gyu","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Petroleum &amp; Marine Division, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources, 124 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34132, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8926-9740","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jae-Kyung","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Smart Grid Research Center, Chonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju 54896, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1109\/JLT.2011.2106479","article-title":"Fiber optic sensors in structural health monitoring","volume":"29","author":"Cobo","year":"2011","journal-title":"IEEE J. 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