{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]],"date-time":"2026-04-17T17:14:44Z","timestamp":1776446084629,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,19]],"date-time":"2018-11-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1542585600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The detection of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) in plasma is important in the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in humans. We developed a biosensor to detect AFP in HCC patient plasma and in a phosphate buffer saline (PBS) solution using a graphene field-effect transistor (G-FET). The G-FET was functionalized with 1-pyrenebutyric acid N-hydroxysuccinimide ester (PBASE) for immobilization of an anti-AFP antibody. AFP was detected by assessing the shift in the voltage of the Dirac point (\u0394VDirac) after binding of AFP to the anti-AFP-immobilized G-FET channel surface. This anti-AFP-immobilized G-FET biosensor was able to detect AFP at a concentration of 0.1 ng mL\u22121 in PBS, and the detection sensitivity was 16.91 mV. In HCC patient plasma, the biosensor was able to detect AFP at a concentration of 12.9 ng mL\u22121, with a detection sensitivity of 5.68 mV. The sensitivity (\u0394VDirac) depended on the concentration of AFP in either PBS or HCC patient plasma. These data suggest that G-FET biosensors could have practical applications in diagnostics.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s18114032","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,22]],"date-time":"2018-11-22T09:18:25Z","timestamp":1542878305000},"page":"4032","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["Detection of Alpha-Fetoprotein in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patient Plasma with Graphene Field-Effect Transistor"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Dae Hoon","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical IT Convergence Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi, Gyeongbuk 39177, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hong Gi","family":"Oh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical IT Convergence Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi, Gyeongbuk 39177, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Woo Hwan","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical IT Convergence Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi, Gyeongbuk 39177, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dong Cheol","family":"Jeon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical IT Convergence Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi, Gyeongbuk 39177, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ki Moo","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical IT Convergence Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi, Gyeongbuk 39177, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hyung Jin","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical IT Convergence Center, Gumi Electronics and Information Technology Research Institute, Gumi, Gyeongbuk 39171, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Byoung Kuk","family":"Jang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu 41931, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kwang Soup","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical IT Convergence Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi, Gyeongbuk 39177, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2010.100","article-title":"Hepatocellular carcinoma: A global view","volume":"7","author":"Yang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat. 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