{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T04:07:32Z","timestamp":1760242052680,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,13]],"date-time":"2018-12-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1544659200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Key R&amp;D Program of China","award":["2018YFC1407500\/2018YFC1407503"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018YFC1407500\/2018YFC1407503"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["11621101","61774131"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["11621101","61774131"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Science and Technology Development Plan Project of Changshu","award":["No. CS201806"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. CS201806"]}]},{"name":"the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","award":["2018FZA5001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018FZA5001"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The fast response and analysis of oil spill accidents is important but remains challenging. Here, a compact fluorescence hyperspectral system based on a grating-prism structure able to perform component analysis of oil as well as make a quantitative estimation of oil film thickness is developed. The spectrometer spectral range is 366\u2013814 nm with a spectral resolution of 1 nm. The feasibility of the spectrometer system is demonstrated by determining the composition of three types of crude oil and various mixtures of them. The relationship between the oil film thickness and the fluorescent hyperspectral intensity is furthermore investigated and found to be linear, which demonstrates the feasibility of using the fluorescence data to quantitatively measure oil film thickness. Capable of oil identification, distribution analysis, and oil film thickness detection, the fluorescence hyperspectral imaging system presented is promising for use during oil spill accidents by mounting it on, e.g., an unmanned aerial vehicle.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s18124415","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,14]],"date-time":"2018-12-14T03:58:17Z","timestamp":1544759897000},"page":"4415","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Fluorescence Hyperspectral Imaging of Oil Samples and Its Quantitative Applications in Component Analysis and Thickness Estimation"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Wentao","family":"Jiang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Engineering Research Center of Optical Instrumentation, Centre for Optical and Electromagnetic Research, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4927-1066","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jingwei","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Engineering Research Center of Optical Instrumentation, Centre for Optical and Electromagnetic Research, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xinli","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Engineering Research Center of Optical Instrumentation, Centre for Optical and Electromagnetic Research, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Erik","family":"Forsberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Engineering Research Center of Optical Instrumentation, Centre for Optical and Electromagnetic Research, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sailing","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Engineering Research Center of Optical Instrumentation, Centre for Optical and Electromagnetic Research, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.23865\/arctic.v5.1047","article-title":"A Drop in the Ocean. Marine Oil Pollution Preparedness and Response in the Arctic","volume":"5","author":"Lauta","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arctic Rev."},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"529","article-title":"An overview of International and Regional laws for the prevention of Marine oil pollution and \u201cInternational obligation of Pakistan\u201d","volume":"47","author":"Qayum","year":"2018","journal-title":"IJMS"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(09)60128-4","article-title":"Bioremediation of Oil Spills in Cold Environments: A Review","volume":"19","author":"Yang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pedosphere"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.3897\/zookeys.176.2275","article-title":"Soil ecotoxicology: State of the art and future directions","volume":"176","year":"2012","journal-title":"ZooKeys"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2017.11.157","article-title":"Ecosystem effects and the management of petroleum-contaminated soils on subantarctic islands","volume":"194","author":"Errington","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1002\/tox.20045","article-title":"Genotoxicity related to transfer of oil spill pollutants from mussels to mammals via food","volume":"19","author":"Lemiere","year":"2004","journal-title":"Environ. Toxicol."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.5897\/JPP2015.0364","article-title":"Analysis of bioactive chemical compounds of Nigella sativa using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry","volume":"8","author":"Hadi","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Pharmacogn. Phytother."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"730","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2016.06.048","article-title":"Characterisation of minor components in vegetable oil by comprehensive gas chromatography with dual detection","volume":"212","author":"Purcaro","year":"2016","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15602","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-15848-x","article-title":"A mobile device-based imaging spectrometer for environmental monitoring by attaching a lightweight small module to a commercial digital camera","volume":"7","author":"Cai","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen, J., Cai, F., He, R., and He, S. (2018). Experimental Demonstration of Remote and Compact Imaging Spectrometer Based on Mobile Devices. Sensors, 18.","DOI":"10.3390\/s18071989"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.1007\/s10895-009-0586-4","article-title":"Application of Fluorescence to the Study of Crude Petroleum","volume":"21","author":"Steffens","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Fluoresc."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14029","DOI":"10.2971\/jeos.2014.14029","article-title":"Spectral signatures of fluorescence and light absorption to identify crude oils found in the marine environment","volume":"9","author":"Baszanowska","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Eur. Opt. Soc. Rapid Publ."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6276","DOI":"10.1364\/AO.57.006276","article-title":"Fast quantitative fluorescence authentication of milk powder and vanillin by a line-scan hyperspectral system","volume":"57","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Appl. Opt."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1364\/AO.55.000269","article-title":"Quantitative two-dimensional measurement of oil-film thickness by laser-induced fluorescence in a piston-ring model experiment","volume":"55","author":"Wigger","year":"2016","journal-title":"Appl. Opt."},{"key":"ref_15","unstructured":"Bruflodt, R., Nelson, R.K., Arrington, E.C., Valentine, D., Gupta, A.S., Lemkau, K., Kivenson, V., and Reddy, C.M. (2017, January 18\u201321). Fingerprinting the Refugio oil spill using topographic signal processing of two-dimensional gas chromatographic images. Proceedings of the OCEANS 2017-Anchorage, Anchorage, AK, USA."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1016\/S1353-2561(98)00023-1","article-title":"Review of oil spill remote sensing","volume":"4","author":"Fingas","year":"1997","journal-title":"Spill Sci. Technol. Bull."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hou, Y., Li, Y., Liu, B., Liu, Y., and Wang, T. (2017). Design and Implementation of a Coastal-Mounted Sensor for Oil Film Detection on Seawater. Sensors, 18.","DOI":"10.3390\/s18010070"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3924","DOI":"10.1080\/01431161.2016.1204479","article-title":"Compact HLIF LiDAR for marine applications","volume":"37","author":"Babichenko","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Remote Sens."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fingas, M., and Brown, C. (2017). A Review of Oil Spill Remote Sensing. Sensors, 18.","DOI":"10.3390\/s18010091"},{"key":"ref_20","first-page":"498","article-title":"Highly accurate calibration of optical radiation detectors at near infrared spectrum","volume":"30","author":"Li","year":"2004","journal-title":"Opt. Tech."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rse.2012.03.024","article-title":"State of the art satellite and airborne marine oil spill remote sensing: Application to the BP Deepwater Horizon oil spill","volume":"124","author":"Leifer","year":"2012","journal-title":"Remote Sens. Environ."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1364\/AO.47.000F46","article-title":"Correction of systematic spatial noise in push-broom hyperspectral sensors: Application to CHRIS\/PROBA images","volume":"47","author":"Alonso","year":"2008","journal-title":"Appl. Opt."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1464","DOI":"10.1364\/AO.40.001464","article-title":"Analysis and rejection of systematic disturbances in hyperspectral remotely sensed images of the Earth","volume":"40","author":"Barducci","year":"2001","journal-title":"Appl. Opt."},{"key":"ref_24","unstructured":"Ruffin, C., and King, R.L. (July, January 28). The analysis of hyperspectral data using Savitzky-Golay filtering-theoretical basis. 1. Proceedings of the IEEE 1999 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS\u201999), Hamburg, Germany."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2014.03.096","article-title":"Combination of spectra and texture data of hyperspectral imaging for prediction of pH in salted meat","volume":"160","author":"Liu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25515","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.25.025515","article-title":"Oil pollution discrimination by an inelastic hyperspectral Scheimpflug lidar system","volume":"25","author":"Gao","year":"2017","journal-title":"Opt. Express"},{"key":"ref_27","unstructured":"(2018, September 19). Principal Component Analysis\u2014Abdi\u20142010\u2014Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Computational Statistics\u2014Wiley Online Library. Available online: https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1002\/wics.101."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Coates, A., and Ng, A.Y. (2012). Learning Feature Representations with K-Means. Neural Networks: Tricks of the Trade, Springer. [2nd ed.]. Lecture Notes in Computer Science.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-35289-8_30"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"780","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-017-00856-2","article-title":"Motionless volumetric photoacoustic microscopy with spatially invariant resolution","volume":"8","author":"Yang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181104","DOI":"10.1063\/1.5058163","article-title":"Synthetic Bessel light needle for extended depth-of-field microscopy","volume":"113","author":"Yang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Appl. Phys. Lett."},{"key":"ref_31","first-page":"81740H","article-title":"Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) operated spectral camera system for forest and agriculture applications. In Proceedings of the Remote Sensing for Agriculture, Ecosystems, and Hydrology XIII","volume":"8174","author":"Saari","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. Soc. Opt. Photonics"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Coppo, P., Taiti, A., Pettinato, L., Francois, M., Taccola, M., Drusch, M., Coppo, P., Taiti, A., Pettinato, L., and Francois, M. (2017). Fluorescence Imaging Spectrometer (FLORIS) for ESA FLEX Mission. Remote Sens., 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/rs9070649"}],"container-title":["Sensors"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1424-8220\/18\/12\/4415\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T15:33:49Z","timestamp":1760196829000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1424-8220\/18\/12\/4415"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,13]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]}},"alternative-id":["s18124415"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/s18124415","relation":{},"ISSN":["1424-8220"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1424-8220"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,13]]}}}