{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T02:19:57Z","timestamp":1768270797796,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,17]],"date-time":"2018-12-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1545004800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61601167"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61601167"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Dynamic Cognitive System of Electromagnetic Spectrum Space (Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics), Ministry of Industry and Information Technology","award":["KF20181915"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KF20181915"]}]},{"name":"the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","award":["2018B15914"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018B15914"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In this paper, the issue of direction of arrival (DOA) estimation is discussed, and a partial angular sparse representation (SR)-based method using a sparse separate nested acoustic vector sensor (SSN-AVS) array is developed. Traditional AVS array is improved by separating the pressure sensor array and velocity sensor array into two different sparse array geometries with nested relationship. This improved array geometry can achieve large degrees of freedom (DOF) after the extended vectorization of the cross-covariance matrix, and only partial SR of the angle is required by exploiting the cyclic phase ambiguity caused by the large inter-element spacing of the virtual array. Joint sparse recovery is developed to amend the grid offset and unitary transformation is utilized to transform the complex atoms into real-valued ones. After sparse recovery, the sparse vector can simultaneously provide high-resolution but ambiguous angle estimation and unambiguous reference angle estimation embedded in the AVS array, and they are combined to obtain unique and high-resolution DOA estimation. Compared to other state-of-the-art DOA estimation methods using the AVS array, the proposed algorithm can provide better DOA estimation performance while requiring lower complexity. Multiple simulation results verify the effectiveness of the approach.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s18124465","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,18]],"date-time":"2018-12-18T02:15:59Z","timestamp":1545099359000},"page":"4465","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Partial Angular Sparse Representation Based DOA Estimation Using Sparse Separate Nested Acoustic Vector Sensor Array"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Jianfeng","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211106, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Dynamic Cognitive System of Electromagnetic Spectrum Space (Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics), Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Nanjing 211106, China"},{"name":"College of Computer and Information, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zheng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211106, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaofei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211106, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Dynamic Cognitive System of Electromagnetic Spectrum Space (Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics), Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Nanjing 211106, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1109\/79.526899","article-title":"Two decades of array signal processing research: The parametric approach","volume":"13","author":"Krim","year":"1996","journal-title":"IEEE Signal Process. 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