{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T12:58:43Z","timestamp":1780405123677,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,11]],"date-time":"2019-01-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1547164800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["777112"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["777112"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Rede Nacional de Ensino e Pesquisa (RNP)","award":["3025"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["3025"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The smart management of freshwater for precision irrigation in agriculture is essential for increasing crop yield and decreasing costs, while contributing to environmental sustainability. The intense use of technologies offers a means for providing the exact amount of water needed by plants. The Internet of Things (IoT) is the natural choice for smart water management applications, even though the integration of different technologies required for making it work seamlessly in practice is still not fully accomplished. The SWAMP project develops an IoT-based smart water management platform for precision irrigation in agriculture with a hands-on approach based on four pilots in Brazil and Europe. This paper presents the SWAMP architecture, platform, and system deployments that highlight the replicability of the platform, and, as scalability is a major concern for IoT applications, it includes a performance analysis of FIWARE components used in the Platform. Results show that it is able to provide adequate performance for the SWAMP pilots, but requires specially designed configurations and the re-engineering of some components to provide higher scalability using less computational resources.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s19020276","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,11]],"date-time":"2019-01-11T11:36:42Z","timestamp":1547206602000},"page":"276","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":419,"title":["Smart Water Management Platform: IoT-Based Precision Irrigation for Agriculture"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3087-9234","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos","family":"Kamienski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Mathematics, Computing and Cognition, Federal University of the ABC, Santo Andr\u00e9 09210-580, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7255-5318","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juha-Pekka","family":"Soininen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, FI-90571 Oulu, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Markus","family":"Taumberger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, FI-90571 Oulu, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4735-1647","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ramide","family":"Dantas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal University of Pernambuco &amp; Federal Institute of Pernambuco, Recife 50670-901, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5477-0623","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Attilio","family":"Toscano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DISTAL), University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6877-5254","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tullio","family":"Salmon Cinotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Research Center on Electronic Systems \u201cErcole De Castro\u201d (ARCES), University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4870-3429","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rodrigo","family":"Filev Maia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Universit\u00e1rio FEI, S\u00e3o Bernardo do Campo 09850-901, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9","family":"Torre Neto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (EMBRAPA), S\u00e3o Carlos 13560-970, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"FAO (2019, January 05). 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