{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]],"date-time":"2026-03-23T22:31:00Z","timestamp":1774305060454,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,28]],"date-time":"2019-01-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1548633600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["41204069"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41204069"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Special Projects for Exploration and Exploitation of Deep Earth Resources of China","award":["2018YFC0603204"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018YFC0603204"]}]},{"name":"New Energy Special Project of Jilin Province-University Construction Special Project","award":["SXGJSF2017-5"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SXGJSF2017-5"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The microtremor survey method (MSM) has the potential to be an important geophysical method for identifying the strata velocity structure and detecting the buried fault structures. However, the existing microtremor exploration equipment has been unable to satisfy the requirements of the MSM, which suffers from low data accuracy, long measurement time, and blind acquisition. In this study, we combined a 2 Hz moving coil geophone with advanced acquisition systems to develop a new integrated energy-efficient wireless sensor node for microtremor exploration. A high-precision AD chip and noise matching technology are used to develop a low-noise design for the sensor node. Dynamic frequency selection technology (DFS) and dynamic power management technology (DPM) are used to design an energy-efficient mode. The data quality monitoring system solves the closed technical flaws between the acquisition systems and the control center via 4G wireless monitoring technologies. According to the results of a series of in situ tests and field measurements, the noise level of the system was 0.7 \u03bcV@500 Hz with 0 dB attenuation and 220 mW power consumption of the system in the autonomous data acquisition mode. Therefore, it provides substantial support for the effective data acquisition over long measurement durations in microtremor exploration processes. The applicability of the system is evaluated using field data, according to which the integrated energy-efficient wireless sensor node is convenient and effective for MSM.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s19030544","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,29]],"date-time":"2019-01-29T03:40:55Z","timestamp":1548733255000},"page":"544","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["An Integrated Energy-Efficient Wireless Sensor Node for the Microtremor Survey Method"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Ruyun","family":"Tian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Instrumentation and Electrical Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Geophysical Exploration Equipment, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China"}]},{"given":"Longxu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Instrumentation and Electrical Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Geophysical Exploration Equipment, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China"}]},{"given":"Xiaohua","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Instrumentation and Electrical Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Geophysical Exploration Equipment, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China"}]},{"given":"Hao","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Instrumentation and Electrical Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Instrumentation and Electrical Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Geophysical Exploration Equipment, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China"}]},{"given":"Linhang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Geophysical Exploration Equipment, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"872","DOI":"10.1126\/science.159.3817.872","article-title":"Microtremors-mode structure and sources","volume":"159","author":"Toksoz","year":"1968","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"25","article-title":"A method of dynamic characteristics estimation of subsurface using microtremor on the ground surface","volume":"30","author":"Nakamura","year":"1989","journal-title":"QR Railw. 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