{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T03:34:06Z","timestamp":1760240046190,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,2]],"date-time":"2019-03-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1551484800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004281","name":"Narodowe Centrum Nauki","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UMO-2014\/15\/B\/ST4\/04807"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UMO-2014\/15\/B\/ST4\/04807"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004281","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Taste sensing is of great importance in both the pharmaceutical and foodstuff industries, and is currently mainly based on human sensory evaluation. Many approaches based on chemical sensors have been proposed, leading to the development of various electronic tongue systems. However, this approach is limited by the applied recognition methods, which do not consider natural receptors. Biorecognition elements such as taste receptor proteins or whole cells can be involved in the development of taste sensing biosensors usually equipped with various electrochemical transducers. Here, we propose a new approach: intestinal secretin tumor cell line (STC-1) chemosensory cells were applied for taste recognition, and their taste-specific cellular response was decoded from ion chromatographic fingerprints with the use of multivariate data processing by partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). This approach could be useful for the development of various non-invasive taste sensing assays, as well as for studying taste transduction mechanisms in vitro.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s19051062","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,4]],"date-time":"2019-03-04T05:45:36Z","timestamp":1551678336000},"page":"1062","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Ion Chromatographic Fingerprinting of STC-1 Cellular Response for Taste Sensing"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1717-5195","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcin","family":"Zabadaj","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Chair of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland"}]},{"given":"Aleksandra","family":"Szuplewska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Chair of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Balcerzak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8530-406X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Micha\u0142","family":"Chudy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Chair of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8265-1039","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patrycja","family":"Ciosek-Skibi\u0144ska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Chair of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.201003144","article-title":"The cell biology of taste","volume":"190","author":"Chaudhari","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cobeha.2018.01.019","article-title":"Prospection and natural selection","volume":"24","author":"Suddendorf","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Behav. Sci."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.snb.2014.04.021","article-title":"Recent advances in taste cell- and receptor-based biosensors","volume":"201","author":"Wu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sens. Actuators B Chem."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"963","DOI":"10.1039\/b705107g","article-title":"Sensor arrays for liquid sensing\u2014Electronic tongue systems","volume":"132","author":"Ciosek","year":"2007","journal-title":"Analyst"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trac.2016.12.007","article-title":"Biomimetic sensors and biosensors for qualitative and quantitative analyses of five basic tastes","volume":"87","author":"Lu","year":"2017","journal-title":"TrAC Trends Anal. Chem."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"576","DOI":"10.1016\/j.snb.2009.02.067","article-title":"A biomimetic taste receptor cell-based biosensor for electrophysiology recording and acidic sensation","volume":"139","author":"Chen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Sens. Actuators B Chem."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2017.10.019","article-title":"Bio-artificial tongue with tongue extracellular matrix and primary taste cells","volume":"151","author":"Lee","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bios.2010.06.049","article-title":"A novel sweet taste cell-based sensor","volume":"26","author":"Wang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biosens. Bioelectron."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biotechadv.2017.12.017","article-title":"The bioelectronic nose and tongue using olfactory and taste receptors: Analytical tools for food quality and safety assessment","volume":"36","author":"Son","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biotechnol. Adv."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7048","DOI":"10.1039\/C5AN01288K","article-title":"Bioanalytical and chemical sensors using living taste, olfactory, and neural cells and tissues: A short review","volume":"140","author":"Wu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Analyst"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wu, C., Du, Y.-W., Huang, L., Ben-Shoshan Galeczki, Y., Dagan-Wiener, A., Naim, M., Niv, M., and Wang, P. (2017). Biomimetic Sensors for the Senses: Towards Better Understanding of Taste and Odor Sensation. Sensors, 17.","DOI":"10.3390\/s17122881"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.snb.2007.12.021","article-title":"A novel experimental research based on taste cell chips for taste transduction mechanism","volume":"131","author":"Zhang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Sens. Actuators B Chem."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bios.2012.02.028","article-title":"Sweet and bitter tastants specific detection by the taste cell-based sensor","volume":"35","author":"Hui","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biosens. Bioelectron."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.4161\/bioe.29762","article-title":"Biomimetic chemical sensors using bioengineered olfactory and taste cells","volume":"5","author":"Du","year":"2014","journal-title":"Bioengineered"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bios.2013.11.049","article-title":"Label-free functional assays of chemical receptors using a bioengineered cell-based biosensor with localized extracellular acidification measurement","volume":"54","author":"Du","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biosens. Bioelectron."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eaaf8611","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.aaf8611","article-title":"A bioengineered living cell construct activates an acute wound healing response in venous leg ulcers","volume":"9","author":"Stone","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Transl. Med."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.21149","article-title":"Solitary chemosensory cells and bitter taste receptor signaling in human sinonasal mucosa","volume":"3","author":"Barham","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. Forum Allergy Rhinol."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.electacta.2014.05.060","article-title":"Tastant quantitative analysis from complex mixtures using taste cell-based sensor and double-layered cascaded series stochastic resonance","volume":"136","author":"Hui","year":"2014","journal-title":"Electrochim. Acta"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"C726","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.00003.2006","article-title":"Bitter stimuli induce Ca2+ signaling and CCK release in enteroendocrine STC-1 cells: Role of L-type voltage-sensitive Ca2+ channels","volume":"291","author":"Chen","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"628","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bios.2018.06.028","article-title":"High-performance bioelectronic tongue using ligand binding domain T1R1 VFT for umami taste detection","volume":"117","author":"Ahn","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biosens. Bioelectron."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9781","DOI":"10.1021\/nn502926x","article-title":"Bioelectronic Tongue Using Heterodimeric Human Taste Receptor for the Discrimination of Sweeteners with Human-like Performance","volume":"8","author":"Song","year":"2014","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7287","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.6b02547","article-title":"Duplex Bioelectronic Tongue for Sensing Umami and Sweet Tastes Based on Human Taste Receptor Nanovesicles","volume":"10","author":"Ahn","year":"2016","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5989","DOI":"10.1039\/c3an01291c","article-title":"A biomimetic bitter receptor-based biosensor with high efficiency immobilization and purification using self-assembled aptamers","volume":"138","author":"Wu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Analyst"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1007\/s11010-018-3290-3","article-title":"Berberine activates bitter taste responses of enteroendocrine STC-1 cells","volume":"447","author":"Yue","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wu, C., Du, L., Qin, Z., Gao, K., and Wang, P. (2017, January 28\u201331). Dual extracellular recording using a light-addressable potentiometric sensor for taste signal transduction. Proceedings of the 2017 ISOCS\/IEEE International Symposium on Olfaction and Electronic Nose (ISOEN), Montreal, QC, Canada.","DOI":"10.1109\/ISOEN.2017.7968920"},{"key":"ref_26","unstructured":"Pihlstr\u00f6m, T., Valverde, A., Reynolds, S., Fern\u00e1ndez-Alba, A.R., Mol, H., Chemist, S., Jezussek Bavarian Health, M., Stajnbaher, D., Valenciana, G., and Paula Medina, S. (2019, March 01). Available online: http:\/\/www.crl-pesticides.eu\/library\/docs\/fv\/SANCO12495-2011.pdf."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e12436","DOI":"10.1111\/joss.12436","article-title":"Effects of aging on taste thresholds: A case of Asian people","volume":"33","author":"Wiriyawattana","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Sens. Stud."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wei\u00df, J. (2016). Handbook of Ion Chromatography, Wiley. [4th ed.].","DOI":"10.1002\/9783527651610"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acthis.2012.01.006","article-title":"MTT assay for cell viability: Intracellular localization of the formazan product is in lipid droplets","volume":"114","author":"Stockert","year":"2012","journal-title":"Acta Histochem."},{"key":"ref_30","unstructured":"(2018, December 31). ISO 10993-5:2009 Biological Evaluation of medical devices\u2014Part 5: Tests for in vitro Cytotoxicity. Available online: https:\/\/www.iso.org\/standard\/36406.html."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemolab.2017.05.003","article-title":"Performance of hybrid electronic tongue and HPLC coupled with chemometric analysis for the monitoring of yeast biotransformation","volume":"167","author":"Zabadaj","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chemom. Intell. Lab. Syst."}],"container-title":["Sensors"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1424-8220\/19\/5\/1062\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T12:35:47Z","timestamp":1760186147000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1424-8220\/19\/5\/1062"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,2]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,3]]}},"alternative-id":["s19051062"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/s19051062","relation":{},"ISSN":["1424-8220"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1424-8220"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,2]]}}}