{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,28]],"date-time":"2026-05-28T02:02:16Z","timestamp":1779933736352,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,12]],"date-time":"2019-03-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1552348800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) cause losses to world fruit growing. For a fast and effective control of the pest, it is necessary to identify the species and their populations. Thus, we developed an infrared optoelectronic sensor using phototransistors to capture the signal of the partial occlusion of the infrared light caused by the beating of the fly wings. Laboratory experiments were conducted using the sensor to capture the wing beat signal of A. fraterculus and C. capitata. The captured signals were used to obtain the characteristics of the flies\u2019 wing beats frequency and for a production of a dataset made available as one of the results of this work. For the passage detection, we developed the algorithm of detection of events of passage (PEDA) that uses the root mean square (RMS) value of a sliding window applied to the signal compared to a threshold value. We developed the algorithm of detection of events of passage (CAEC) that uses the techniques of autocorrelation and Fourier transform for the extraction of the characteristics of the wings\u2019 beat signal. The results demonstrate that it is possible to use the sensor for the development of an intelligent trap with detection and classification in real time for A. fraterculus and C. capitata using the wing beat frequency obtained by the developed sensor.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s19051254","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,13]],"date-time":"2019-03-13T04:07:37Z","timestamp":1552450057000},"page":"1254","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Development of an Optoelectronic Sensor for Detecting and Classifying Fruit Fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) for Use in Real-Time Intelligent Traps"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3563-9712","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fabiano","family":"Sandrini Moraes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Computational Sciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande\u2014FURG, Rio Grande, RS 96230-000, Brazil"},{"name":"South Rio Grande do Sul Federal Institute\u2014IFSUL, Pelotas, RS 96015-360, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4956-526X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dori","family":"Edson Nava","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Embrapa Temperate Agriculture, Entomology Laboratory, Pelotas, RS 96010-971, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9648-4833","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tiago","family":"Scheunemann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Phytosanitary Graduate Program of the Federal University of Pelotas\u2014UFPel, Pelotas, RS 96010-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0430-7590","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vagner","family":"Santos da Rosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Computational Sciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande\u2014FURG, Rio Grande, RS 96230-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Szyniszewska, A.M., and Tatem, A.J. (2014). Global assessment of seasonal potential distribution of Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae). PLoS ONE, 9.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0111582"},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"MAPA (2019, January 10). Agricultura Destina R$ 128 mi Contra Moscas-Das-Frutas, Available online: http:\/\/www.brasil.gov.br\/economia-e-emprego\/2015\/09\/agricultura-destina-r-128-mi-contra-moscas-das-frutas."},{"key":"ref_3","first-page":"52","article-title":"Programa Biof\u00e1brica Moscamed Brasil","volume":"8","author":"Malavasi","year":"2003","journal-title":"Simp\u00f3sio de Controle Biol\u00f3gico"},{"key":"ref_4","unstructured":"Nava, D.E., and Botton, M. (2018, December 15). Bioecologia e controle de Anastrepha fraterculus e Ceratitis capitata em pessegueiro. 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