{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T03:36:14Z","timestamp":1760240174070,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,30]],"date-time":"2019-03-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1553904000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["51705057","51675408"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["51705057","51675408"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007957","name":"Chongqing Municipal Education Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["KJ1704108","KJ1600430"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KJ1704108","KJ1600430"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007957","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002865","name":"Chongqing Science and Technology Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["cstc2017jcyjAX0126","cstc2015jcyjA70004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["cstc2017jcyjAX0126","cstc2015jcyjA70004"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002865","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Through real-time acquisition of the visual characteristics of wear debris in lube oil, an on-line visual ferrograph (OLVF) achieves online monitoring of equipment wear in practice. However, since a large number of bubbles can exist in lube oil and appear as a dynamically changing interference shadow in OLVF ferrograms, traditional algorithms may easily misidentify the interference shadow as wear debris, resulting in a large error in the extracted wear debris characteristic. Based on this possibility, a jam-proof uniform discrete curvelet transformation (UDCT)-based method for the binarization of wear debris images was proposed. Through multiscale analysis of the OLVF ferrograms using UDCT and nonlinear transformation of UDCT coefficients, low-frequency suppression and high-frequency denoising of wear debris images were conducted. Then, the Otsu algorithm was used to achieve binarization of wear debris images under strong interference influence.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s19071546","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,2]],"date-time":"2019-04-02T03:21:26Z","timestamp":1554175286000},"page":"1546","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Segmentation of Online Ferrograph Images with Strong Interference Based on Uniform Discrete Curvelet Transformation"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Leng","family":"Han","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Advanced Manufacture Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9347-5165","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Song","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Advanced Manufacture Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guang","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Advanced Manufacture Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2160-9571","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiufei","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Advanced Manufacture Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Advanced Manufacture Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Junhong","family":"Mao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Education Ministry for Modern Design and Rotor-Bearing Systems, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an 710049, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1016\/j.triboint.2017.01.015","article-title":"Lubricating oil conditioning sensors for online machine health monitoring\u2014A review","volume":"109","author":"Zhu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Tribol. 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