{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T10:37:07Z","timestamp":1775039827082,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,10]],"date-time":"2019-04-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1554854400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["16K14156"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["16K14156"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004423","name":"Waseda University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2018S-112"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018S-112"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004423","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The electrophoresis of ampholytes such as amino acids on a paper device is difficult because of the variation of pH distribution in time. On the basis of this observation, we propose a paper-based analytical device (PAD) with origami structure. By folding a filter paper, a low operation voltage of 5 V was achieved, where the power was supplied by a 5 V 1.5 A portable power bank through the USB type A receptacle. As a demonstration, we carried out the electrophoretic separation of pI markers (pI 5.5 and 8.7). The separation was achieved within 4 min before the pH distribution on the paper varied. Though the separation distance was small, it could be increased by expanding the origami structure. This result indicates that our proposed PAD is useful for electrophoretic separation on a paper device.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s19071724","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,12]],"date-time":"2019-04-12T03:46:37Z","timestamp":1555040797000},"page":"1724","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Electrophoretic Separation on an Origami Paper-Based Analytical Device Using a Portable Power Bank"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2063-9085","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yu","family":"Matsuda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Modern Mechanical Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Ookubo, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katsunori","family":"Sakai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Micro-Nano Mechanical Science and Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8603, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3808-2879","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hiroki","family":"Yamaguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Micro-Nano Mechanical Science and Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8603, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tomohide","family":"Niimi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Micro-Nano Mechanical Science and Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8603, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1318","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.200603817","article-title":"Patterned paper as a platform for inexpensive, low-volume, portable bioassays","volume":"46","author":"Martinez","year":"2007","journal-title":"Angew. 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