{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,5]],"date-time":"2026-04-05T06:41:51Z","timestamp":1775371311846,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,8]],"date-time":"2019-05-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1557273600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The polygonal drill pipe is one of the most critical yet weakest part in a high-torque drill machine. The inspection of a polygonal drill pipe to avoid its failure and thus to ensure safe operation of the drilling machine is of great importance. However, the current most frequently used ultrasonic inspection method is time-consuming and inefficient when dealing with a polygonal drill pipe, which is normally up to several meters. There is an urgent need to develop an efficient method to inspect polygonal drill pipes. In this paper, an ultrasonic guided wave technique is proposed to inspect polygonal drill pipes. Dispersion curves of polygonal drill pipes are firstly derived by using the semi-analytical finite element method. The ALID (absorbing layer using increasing damping) technique is applied to eliminate unwanted boundary reflections. The propagation characteristics of ultrasonic guided waves in normal, symmetrically damaged, and asymmetrically damaged polygonal drill pipes are studied. The results have shown that the ultrasonic guided wave technique is a promising and effective method for the inspection of polygonal drill pipes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s19092128","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,9]],"date-time":"2019-05-09T11:22:35Z","timestamp":1557400955000},"page":"2128","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Numerical Study on Ultrasonic Guided Waves for the Inspection of Polygonal Drill Pipes"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Xiang","family":"Wan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi\u2019an University of Science and Technology, Xi\u2019an 710054, China"},{"name":"Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Mine Mechanical and Electrical Equipment Intelligent Monitoring, School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi\u2019an University of Science and Technology, Xi\u2019an 710054, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5216-1362","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xuhui","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi\u2019an University of Science and Technology, Xi\u2019an 710054, China"},{"name":"Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Mine Mechanical and Electrical Equipment Intelligent Monitoring, School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi\u2019an University of Science and Technology, Xi\u2019an 710054, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hongwei","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi\u2019an University of Science and Technology, Xi\u2019an 710054, China"},{"name":"Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Mine Mechanical and Electrical Equipment Intelligent Monitoring, School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi\u2019an University of Science and Technology, Xi\u2019an 710054, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter W.","family":"Tse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Systems Engineering and Engineering Management, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ming","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi\u2019an University of Science and Technology, Xi\u2019an 710054, China"},{"name":"Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Mine Mechanical and Electrical Equipment Intelligent Monitoring, School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi\u2019an University of Science and Technology, Xi\u2019an 710054, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hongwei","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi\u2019an University of Science and Technology, Xi\u2019an 710054, China"},{"name":"Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Mine Mechanical and Electrical Equipment Intelligent Monitoring, School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi\u2019an University of Science and Technology, Xi\u2019an 710054, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1134\/S1061830909090058","article-title":"Detection of cracks under threads of studs of power equipment and drill pipes during ultrasonic testing","volume":"45","author":"Ushakov","year":"2009","journal-title":"Russ. J. Nondestruct. Test."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.3233\/JAE-141822","article-title":"A calibration method based on the reconstruction for automatic ultrasonic flaw detection of the upset region of the drill pipe","volume":"45","author":"Tu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Appl. Electromagn. Mech."},{"key":"ref_3","first-page":"60","article-title":"The detection of corrosion in the inner surface of drill pipes by Ultrasonic phased array technology","volume":"36","author":"Chen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nondestruct. Test."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymssp.2017.09.003","article-title":"Detection and assessment of flaws in friction stir welded joints using ultrasonic guided waves: experimental and finite element analysis","volume":"101","author":"Fakih","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mech. Syst. Sig. Process."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ndteint.2018.03.006","article-title":"Quantitative characterization of disbonds in multilayered bonded composites using laser ultrasonic guided waves","volume":"97","author":"Zhang","year":"2018","journal-title":"NDT E Int."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lais, H., Lowe, P.S., Gan, T.-H., Wrobel, L.C., and Kanfoud, J. (2018). Characterization of the Use of Low Frequency Ultrasonic Guided Waves to Detect Fouling Deposition in Pipelines. Sensors, 18.","DOI":"10.3390\/s18072122"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yan, S., Zhang, B., Song, G., and Lin, J. (2018). PZT-Based Ultrasonic Guided Wave Frequency Dispersion Characteristics of Tubular Structures for Different Interfacial Boundaries. Sensors, 18.","DOI":"10.3390\/s18124111"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45023","DOI":"10.1088\/0964-1726\/25\/4\/045023","article-title":"Analytical and numerical studies of approximate phase velocity matching based nonlinear S0 mode Lamb waves for the detection of evenly distributed microstructural changes","volume":"25","author":"Wan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Smart Mater. Struct."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2017.11.042","article-title":"Damage characterization of composite plates under low velocity impact using ultrasonic guided waves","volume":"138","author":"Caputo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Compos. Part B: Eng."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ndteint.2017.11.002","article-title":"Highly accurate online characterisation of cracks in plate-like structures","volume":"94","author":"Zou","year":"2018","journal-title":"NDT E Int."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"045006","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-665X\/aaafeb","article-title":"Numerical study on static component generation from the primary Lamb waves propagating in a plate with nonlinearity","volume":"27","author":"Wan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Smart Mater. Struct."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8528","DOI":"10.3390\/s140508528","article-title":"Numerical Simulation of Nonlinear Lamb Waves Used in a Thin Plate for Detecting Buried Micro-Cracks","volume":"14","author":"Wan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"ref_13","first-page":"1118","article-title":"Blind trial validation of a guided wave structural health monitoring system for pipework","volume":"76","author":"Heinlein","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mater. Eval."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ndteint.2017.09.007","article-title":"Reflection of torsional T(0,1) guided waves from defects in pipe bends","volume":"93","author":"Heinlein","year":"2018","journal-title":"NDT E Int."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55001","DOI":"10.1088\/0964-1726\/20\/5\/055001","article-title":"An innovative design for using flexible printed coils for magnetostrictive-based longitudinal guided wave sensors in steel strand inspection","volume":"20","author":"Tse","year":"2011","journal-title":"Smart Mater. Struct."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ndteint.2010.01.002","article-title":"Experimental investigation of reflection in guided wave-based inspection for the characterization of pipeline defects","volume":"43","author":"Wang","year":"2010","journal-title":"NDT E Int."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultras.2017.11.014","article-title":"Mode repulsion of ultrasonic guided waves in rails","volume":"84","author":"Loveday","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ultrasonics"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsv.2006.01.021","article-title":"Modeling wave propagation in damped waveguides of arbitrary cross-section","volume":"295","author":"Bartoli","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Sound"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2359","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsolstr.2012.04.041","article-title":"Guided waves dispersion analysis for prestressed viscoelastic waveguides by means of the SAFE method","volume":"49","author":"Mazzotti","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Solids Struct."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultras.2005.06.006","article-title":"Wave structure analysis of guided waves in a bar with an arbitrary cross-section","volume":"44","author":"Hayashi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ultrasonics"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/S0041-624X(03)00097-0","article-title":"Guided wave dispersion curves for a bar with an arbitrary cross-section, a rod and rail example","volume":"41","author":"Hayashi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ultrasonics"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)CP.1943-5487.0000081","article-title":"Graphical user interface for guided acoustic waves","volume":"25","author":"Bocchini","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Comput. Civil Eng."},{"key":"ref_23","unstructured":"Drozdz, M.B. (2008). Efficient Finite Element Modelling of Ultrasound Waves in Elastic Media. [Ph.D. Thesis, Imperial College London]."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultras.2015.07.007","article-title":"A quantitative method for evaluating numerical simulation accuracy of time-transient Lamb wave propagation with its applications to selecting appropriate element size and time step","volume":"64","author":"Wan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ultrasonics"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1016\/S0963-8695(98)00045-0","article-title":"Modeling elastic wave propagation in waveguides with the finite element method","volume":"32","author":"Moser","year":"1999","journal-title":"NDT E Int."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tang, S., Tse, P., and Wang, X. (September, January 30). The revelation of propagating ultrasonic guided waves through simulation when they encountered defects in a pipe. Proceedings of the ASME 2009 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference, San Diego, CA, USA.","DOI":"10.1115\/DETC2009-86380"}],"container-title":["Sensors"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1424-8220\/19\/9\/2128\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T12:50:05Z","timestamp":1760187005000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1424-8220\/19\/9\/2128"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,8]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,5]]}},"alternative-id":["s19092128"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/s19092128","relation":{},"ISSN":["1424-8220"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1424-8220","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,8]]}}}