{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T09:42:22Z","timestamp":1780047742659,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,8]],"date-time":"2019-05-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1557273600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A highly integrated sensing technology, combining a stimulated Brillouin scattering-based distributed sensor with XFG (fiber Bragg grating (FBG) and long-period fiber grating (LPFG)) sensors on a single fiber, is proposed for the simultaneous measurement of fully distributed and multiple discrete dynamic strains\/temperatures. A multiparameter monitoring scheme for slope safety is developed using this integrated sensing technology. An indoor simulation test is carried out to verify its ability to simultaneously monitor a slope\u2019s surface displacement, an anchor reinforcement\u2019s axial force, and rockfall vibration. The experimental results show that distributed static strain and discrete dynamic strain can be well-measured simultaneously with little interference. The results also demonstrate the XFG sensors\u2019 capability for multi-type and multipoint multiplexing. In addition, the proposed hybrid sensor system has potential for the monitoring of multiple slope parameters simultaneously.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s19092132","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,9]],"date-time":"2019-05-09T11:22:35Z","timestamp":1557400955000},"page":"2132","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["A Highly Integrated BOTDA\/XFG Sensor on a Single Fiber for Simultaneous Multi-Parameter Monitoring of Slopes"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Feng","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weigang","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Structural Health Monitoring and Control Institute, Shijiazhuang Tiedao University, Shijiazhuang 050043, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Structural Health Monitoring and Control, Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050043, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongbin","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Structural Health Monitoring and Control Institute, Shijiazhuang Tiedao University, Shijiazhuang 050043, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shupeng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanliang","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Structural Health Monitoring and Control Institute, Shijiazhuang Tiedao University, Shijiazhuang 050043, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Structural Health Monitoring and Control, Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050043, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/S0013-7952(99)00127-1","article-title":"Using Global Positioning System techniques in landslide monitoring","volume":"55","author":"Gili","year":"2000","journal-title":"Eng. 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