{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,28]],"date-time":"2026-01-28T10:18:31Z","timestamp":1769595511970,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,28]],"date-time":"2019-05-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1559001600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC)","award":["Discovery Grant 05607"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Discovery Grant 05607"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Smart city is an emerging initiative for integrating Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in effective ways to support development of smart cities with enhanced quality of life for its citizens through safe and secure context-aware services. Major technical challenges to realize smart cities include resource use optimization, service delivery without interruption at all times in all aspects, minimization of costs, and reduction of resource consumption. To address these challenges, new techniques and technologies are required for modeling and processing the big data generated and used through the underlying Internet of Things (IoT). To this end, we propose a data-centric approach to IoT in conceptualizing the \u201cthings\u201d from a service-oriented perspective and investigate efficient ways to identify, integrate, and manage big data. The data-centric approach is expected to better support efficient management of data with complexities inherent in IoT-generated big data. Furthermore, it supports efficient and scalable query processing and reasoning techniques required in development of smart city applications. This article redresses the literature and contributes to the foundations of smart cities applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s19112430","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,28]],"date-time":"2019-05-28T11:18:09Z","timestamp":1559042289000},"page":"2430","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Characterization and Efficient Management of Big Data in IoT-Driven Smart City Development"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Alaa","family":"Alsaig","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Concordia University, 1455 De Maisonneuve Boul. W, Montreal, QC H3G 1M8, Canada"},{"name":"Jeddart University, Hamzah Ibn Al Qasim Street, Al Sharafeyah, Jeddah 23218, Saudi Arabia"}]},{"given":"Vangalur","family":"Alagar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Concordia University, 1455 De Maisonneuve Boul. W, Montreal, QC H3G 1M8, Canada"}]},{"given":"Zaki","family":"Chammaa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Concordia University, 1455 De Maisonneuve Boul. W, Montreal, QC H3G 1M8, Canada"}]},{"given":"Nematollaah","family":"Shiri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Concordia University, 1455 De Maisonneuve Boul. W, Montreal, QC H3G 1M8, Canada"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1080\/10630732.2014.942092","article-title":"Smart Cities: Definitions, Dimensions, Performance, and Initiatives","volume":"22","author":"Albino","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Urban Technol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1080\/10630732.2011.601117","article-title":"Smart Cities in Europe","volume":"18","author":"Caragliu","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. 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