{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,21]],"date-time":"2025-11-21T17:59:07Z","timestamp":1763747947706,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,28]],"date-time":"2019-05-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1559001600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Collaborative funding by clinical trial unit of Kantonsspital St. Gallen and Empa","award":["15\/15"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["15\/15"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Even for 1-lead electrocardiography (ECG), single-use gel conductive electrodes are employed in a clinical setting. However, gel electrodes show limited applicability for long-term monitoring due to skin irritation and detachment. In the present study, we investigated the validity of a textile ECG-belt suitable for long-term measurements in clinical use. In order to assess the signal quality and validity of the ECG-belt during sleep, 242 patients (186 males and 56 females, age 52 (interquartile range 42\u201360) years, body mass index 29 (interquartile range 26\u201333) kg\u00b7m\u22122) with suspected sleep apnoea underwent overnight polysomnography including standard 1-lead ECG recording. The single intervals between R-peaks (RR-intervals) were calculated from the ECG-signals. We found a mean difference for average RR-intervals of \u22122.9 ms, a standard error of estimate of 0.39%, as well as a Pearson r of 0.91. Furthermore, we found that the validity of the ECG-belt decreases when lying on the side, which was potentially due to the fitting of the belt. In conclusion, the validity of RR-interval measurements using the ECG-belt is high and it may be further improved for future applications by optimizing wear fitting.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s19112436","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,28]],"date-time":"2019-05-28T11:18:09Z","timestamp":1559042289000},"page":"2436","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Clinical Applicability of a Textile 1-Lead ECG Device for Overnight Monitoring"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Piero","family":"Fontana","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Empa, Laboratory for Biomimetic Membranes and Textiles, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland"},{"name":"High-performance Scientific GmbH, Wilenstrasse 24, 8832 Wilen bei Wollerau, Switzerland"}]},{"given":"Neusa R. Ad\u00e3o","family":"Martins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Empa, Laboratory for Biomimetic Membranes and Textiles, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland"},{"name":"Campo Grande, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Camenzind","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Empa, Laboratory for Biomimetic Membranes and Textiles, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0946-682X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ren\u00e9 M.","family":"Rossi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Empa, Laboratory for Biomimetic Membranes and Textiles, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland"}]},{"given":"Florent","family":"Baty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kantonsspital St. Gallen, Klinik f\u00fcr Pneumologie\/Schlafmedizin, Rorschacher Strasse 95, 9007 St. Gallen, Switzerland"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0994-9883","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maximilian","family":"Boesch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kantonsspital St. Gallen, Klinik f\u00fcr Pneumologie\/Schlafmedizin, Rorschacher Strasse 95, 9007 St. Gallen, Switzerland"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0492-7172","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Otto D.","family":"Schoch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kantonsspital St. Gallen, Klinik f\u00fcr Pneumologie\/Schlafmedizin, Rorschacher Strasse 95, 9007 St. Gallen, Switzerland"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1612-3609","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martin H.","family":"Brutsche","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kantonsspital St. Gallen, Klinik f\u00fcr Pneumologie\/Schlafmedizin, Rorschacher Strasse 95, 9007 St. Gallen, Switzerland"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8192-1391","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simon","family":"Annaheim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Empa, Laboratory for Biomimetic Membranes and Textiles, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1089\/tmj.2008.0071","article-title":"Performance Study of the Wearable One-Lead Wireless Electrocardiographic Monitoring System","volume":"15","author":"Hong","year":"2009","journal-title":"Telemed. e-Health"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1109\/TBCAS.2018.2824659","article-title":"Online Obstructive Sleep Apnea Detection on Medical Wearable Sensors","volume":"12","author":"Surrel","year":"2018","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. 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