{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T09:42:44Z","timestamp":1780047764735,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,17]],"date-time":"2019-06-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1560729600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["51578349"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["51578349"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["51608336"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["51608336"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"science and technology plan projects of Tibet","award":["XZ201801-GB-07"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["XZ201801-GB-07"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003787","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2019210214"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019210214"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003787","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In this paper, a soft fiber Bragg grating (FBG) strain sensor was constructed of a rubber strip, FBGs and steel plates, which exhibits the advantages of high precision and a small size. A series of FBGs was uniformly pasted on a flexible rubber strip which can monitor the slope deformation by measuring the bending deformation of the rubber strip. Most notably, this sensor can be used to monitor horizontal displacement in the subsurface of the slope model. The relationships among the bending angle of the rubber strip, the strain of the rubber strip, and the subsurface deformation of the slope model were established. In addition, the subsurface deformation of the slope model can be obtained by the FBG strain sensor monitoring. Since a rigid-flexible structure was formed by uniformly pasting a series of steel plates on the other side of the rubber strip, the sensitivity of the FBG strain sensor was improved to be 1.5425 nm\/\u00b0. The measurement results verify that the FBG strain sensor shows good performance, and the model test results demonstrate that the FBG strain sensor can be used for monitoring the subsurface deformation of the slope model.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s19122716","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,17]],"date-time":"2019-06-17T11:24:45Z","timestamp":1560770685000},"page":"2716","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["High Precision, Small Size and Flexible FBG Strain Sensor for Slope Model Monitoring"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4383-6962","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hongbin","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Civil Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinyu","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Structural Health Monitoring and Control Institute, Shijiazhuang Tiedao University, Shijiazhuang 050043, China"},{"name":"Geotechnical and Structural Engineering Research Center, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weigang","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Structural Health Monitoring and Control Institute, Shijiazhuang Tiedao University, Shijiazhuang 050043, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Structural Health Monitoring and Control, Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050043, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xu","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Civil Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Feng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanliang","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Structural Health Monitoring and Control Institute, Shijiazhuang Tiedao University, Shijiazhuang 050043, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bo","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Civil Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China"},{"name":"Structural Health Monitoring and Control Institute, Shijiazhuang Tiedao University, Shijiazhuang 050043, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Structural Health Monitoring and Control Institute, Shijiazhuang Tiedao University, Shijiazhuang 050043, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Structural Health Monitoring and Control, Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050043, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1086","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sandf.2015.09.010","article-title":"Precaution and early warning of surface failure of slopes using tilt sensors","volume":"55","author":"Uchimura","year":"2015","journal-title":"Soils Found."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, F., Zhao, W., Xu, H., Wang, S., and Du, Y. 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