{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T15:05:17Z","timestamp":1761663917448,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,21]],"date-time":"2019-06-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1561075200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Hunan Province's strategic and emerging industrial projects","award":["2018GK4035"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018GK4035"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61602171","61503048"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61602171","61503048"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Scientific Research Fund of Hunan Provincial Education Department","award":["17C0960"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["17C0960"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Cellular-based networks keep large buffers at base stations to smooth out the bursty data traffic, which has a negative impact on the user\u2019s Quality of Experience (QoE). With the boom of smart vehicles and phones, this has drawn growing attention. For this paper, we first conducted experiments to reveal the large delays, thus long flow completion time (FCT), caused by the large buffer in the cellular networks. Then, a receiver-side transmission control protocol (TCP) countermeasure named Delay-based Flow Control algorithm with Service Differentiation (DFCSD) was proposed to target interactive applications requiring high throughput and low delay in cellular networks by limiting the standing queue size and decreasing the amount of packets that are dropped in the eNodeB in Long Term Evolution (LTE). DFCSD stems from delay-based congestion control algorithms but works at the receiver side to avoid the performance degradation of the delay-based algorithms when competing with loss-based mechanisms. In addition, it is derived based on the TCP fluid model to maximize the network utility. Furthermore, DFCSD also takes service differentiation into consideration based on the size of competing flows to shorten their completion time, thus improving user QoE. Simulation results confirmed that DFCSD is compatible with existing TCP algorithms, significantly reduces the latency of TCP flows, and increases network throughput.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s19122791","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,21]],"date-time":"2019-06-21T11:54:31Z","timestamp":1561118071000},"page":"2791","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Receiver-Side TCP Countermeasure in Cellular Networks"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Pingping","family":"Dong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Information Science and Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China"},{"name":"Hunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Language Information Processing, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kai","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Automotive and Mechanical Engineering, Changsha University of Science &amp; Technology, Changsha 410114, China"},{"name":"Hunan Key Laboratory of Smart Roadway and Cooperative Vehicle-Infrastructure Systems, Changsha 410114, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jingyun","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Information Science and Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China"},{"name":"Hunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Language Information Processing, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wensheng","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Information Science and Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China"},{"name":"Hunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Language Information Processing, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0394-4635","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Naixue","family":"Xiong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Athanasios V.","family":"Vasilakos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, Electrical and Space Engineering, Lulea University of Technology, 93187 Skelleftea, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, Z., Tan, Y., and Zhang, X. 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