{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T23:01:52Z","timestamp":1775170912795,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,28]],"date-time":"2019-06-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1561680000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"The National Key R &amp; D plan from the MOST of China","award":["2017YFC0403203"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017YFC0403203"]}]},{"name":"The Synergetic Innovation of Industry-University-Research Cooperation Project plan from Yangling","award":["2018CXY-23"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018CXY-23"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013314","name":"111 Project","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["No. B12007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. B12007"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013314","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"The Key Discipline Construction Project of Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University","award":["2017-C03"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017-C03"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Rational utilization of water resources is one of the major methods of water conservation. There are significant differences in the irrigation needs of different agricultural fields because of their spatial variability. Therefore, a decision support system for variable rate irrigation (DSS-VRI) by center pivot was developed. This system can process multi-spectral images taken by unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and obtain the vegetation index (VI). The crop evapotranspiration model (ETc) and crop water stress index (CWSI) were obtained from their established relationships with the VIs. The inputs to the fuzzy inference system were constituted with ETc, CWSI and precipitation. To provide guidance for users, the duty-cycle control map was outputted using ambiguity resolution. The control command contained in the map adjusted the duty cycle of the solenoid valve, and then changed the irrigation amount. A water stress experiment was designed to verify the rationality of the DSS-VRI. The results showed that the more severe water stress is, the more irrigation is obtained, consistent with the expected results. Meanwhile, a user-friendly software interface was developed to implement the DSS-VRI function.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s19132880","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,28]],"date-time":"2019-06-28T11:20:26Z","timestamp":1561720826000},"page":"2880","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Decision Support System for Variable Rate Irrigation Based on UAV Multispectral Remote Sensing"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Xiang","family":"Shi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Northwest A &amp; F University, Yangling 712100, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Agricultural Internet of Tings, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling 712100, China"}]},{"given":"Wenting","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Northwest A &amp; F University, Yangling 712100, China"},{"name":"Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A &amp; F University, Yangling 712100, China"}]},{"given":"Ting","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Enology, Northwest A &amp; F University, Yangling 712100, China"}]},{"given":"Jiandong","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A &amp; F University, Yangling 712100, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Review on Variable Rate Irrigation with Continuously Moving Sprinkler Machines","volume":"32","author":"Zhao","year":"2016","journal-title":"Trans. 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