{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,29]],"date-time":"2025-11-29T07:55:44Z","timestamp":1764402944637,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,28]],"date-time":"2019-06-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1561680000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["no.U1734209\/no.U1709219\/no. 61571373"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["no.U1734209\/no.U1709219\/no. 61571373"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Key International Cooperation Project of Sichuan Province","award":["no. 2017HH0002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["no. 2017HH0002"]}]},{"name":"Marie Curie Fellowship","award":["no. 792406"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["no. 792406"]}]},{"name":"NSFC China-Swedish project","award":["no. 6161101297"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["no. 6161101297"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In this paper, we estimate the uplink performance of large-scale multi-user multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) networks. By applying minimum-mean-square-error (MMSE) detection, a novel statistical distribution of the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) for any user is derived, for path loss, shadowing and Rayleigh fading. Suppose that the channel state information is perfectly known at the base station. Then, we derive the analytical expressions for the pairwise error probability (PEP) of the massive multiuser MMSE\u2013MIMO systems, based on which we further obtain the upper bound of the bit error rate (BER). The analytical results are validated successfully through simulations for all cases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s19132884","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,28]],"date-time":"2019-06-28T11:20:26Z","timestamp":1561720826000},"page":"2884","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Accurate Performance Analysis of Coded Large-Scale Multiuser MIMO Systems with MMSE Receivers"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Kai","family":"Zhai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Lab of Information Coding and Transmission, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zheng","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Lab of Information Coding and Transmission, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xianfu","family":"Lei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Lab of Information Coding and Transmission, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1065","DOI":"10.1109\/JSAC.2014.2328098","article-title":"What will 5G be?","volume":"32","author":"Andrews","year":"2014","journal-title":"IEEE J. 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