{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,15]],"date-time":"2025-11-15T17:12:12Z","timestamp":1763226732272,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,17]],"date-time":"2019-07-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1563321600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61601322"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61601322"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Project of Henan Provincial Key Science and Technology Research","award":["162102210018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["162102210018"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In traditional sensory array-based acoustic emission methods that are used for gas leakage localization, the localization resolution depends on the spatial aperture of the array, that is, the number of sensors. Most of the existing methods use small arrays that can only achieve low-resolution localization results because of limitations such as the amplitude and phase consistency, the complexity and cost of the system. This paper reports the first application of a virtual phased array for gas leakage detection to obtain high-resolution localization results. This method uses a virtual linear ultrasonic sensor array composed of only two sensors to acquire leakage signals. Then, we use the virtual beamforming algorithm based on the cross-power spectrum to estimate the location of the leakage source. Several experiments were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness and operability of the proposed method. The impacts of various factors on the performance of the localization technique are compared and discussed, including factors such as the number of sensors and the distance between the leak hole and virtual array. The results demonstrate that the proposed method accurately and reliably localizes gas leakages.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s19143152","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,18]],"date-time":"2019-07-18T03:11:42Z","timestamp":1563419502000},"page":"3152","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["A Gas Leakage Localization Method Based on a Virtual Ultrasonic Sensor Array"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7394-4094","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lei","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physics and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China"}]},{"given":"Kuan","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physics and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyu","family":"Bian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physics and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China"}]},{"given":"Qinghui","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physics and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China"}]},{"given":"Yizhuo","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Glasgow College, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610000, China"}]},{"given":"Fengying","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physics and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1109\/TAC.2015.2434031","article-title":"Leak Detection, Size Estimation and Localization in Pipe Flows","volume":"61","author":"Aamo","year":"2016","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. 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