{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,14]],"date-time":"2026-02-14T21:27:13Z","timestamp":1771104433773,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,23]],"date-time":"2019-07-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1563840000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010661","name":"Horizon 2020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["732679"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["732679"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010661","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This paper introduces technical solutions devised to support the Deployment Site - Regione Emilia Romagna (DS-RER) of the ACTIVAGE project. The ACTIVAGE project aims at promoting IoT (Internet of Things)-based solutions for Active and Healthy ageing. DS-RER focuses on improving continuity of care for older adults (65+) suffering from aftereffects of a stroke event. A Wireless Sensor Kit based on Wi-Fi connectivity was suitably engineered and realized to monitor behavioral aspects, possibly relevant to health and wellbeing assessment. This includes bed\/rests patterns, toilet usage, room presence and many others. Besides hardware design and validation, cloud-based analytics services are introduced, suitable for automatic extraction of relevant information (trends and anomalies) from raw sensor data streams. The approach is general and applicable to a wider range of use cases; however, for readability\u2019s sake, two simple cases are analyzed, related to bed and toilet usage patterns. In particular, a regression framework is introduced, suitable for detecting trends (long and short-term) and labeling anomalies. A methodology for assessing multi-modal daily behavioral profiles is introduced, based on unsupervised clustering techniques. The proposed framework has been successfully deployed at several real-users\u2019 homes, allowing for its functional validation. Clinical effectiveness will be assessed instead through a Randomized Control Trial study, currently being carried out.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s19143238","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,23]],"date-time":"2019-07-23T10:44:51Z","timestamp":1563878691000},"page":"3238","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["IoT-Based Home Monitoring: Supporting Practitioners\u2019 Assessment by Behavioral Analysis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0093-0024","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Niccol\u00f2","family":"Mora","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Parma, Dip. Ingegneria e Architettura, Parco Area delle Scienze 181\/A, 43124 Parma (PR), Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1693-0977","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ferdinando","family":"Grossi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"WiMonitor S.r.l, Via G. Tacchi 1, 38068 Rovereto (TN), Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3409-6189","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dario","family":"Russo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Research Council of Italy, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa (PI), Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6862-7593","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paolo","family":"Barsocchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Research Council of Italy, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa (PI), Italy"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IBM Research - Zurich, Saeumerstrasse 4, CH-8803 Rueschlikon, Switzerland"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Brunschwiler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IBM Research - Zurich, Saeumerstrasse 4, CH-8803 Rueschlikon, Switzerland"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1104-846X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bruno","family":"Michel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IBM Research - Zurich, Saeumerstrasse 4, CH-8803 Rueschlikon, Switzerland"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Cocchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Azienda Unita\u2019 Sanitaria Locale Di Parma, Str. Quartiere, 2\/A, 43125 Parma (PR), Italy"}]},{"given":"Enrico","family":"Montanari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Azienda Unita\u2019 Sanitaria Locale Di Parma, Str. Quartiere, 2\/A, 43125 Parma (PR), Italy"}]},{"given":"Stefano","family":"Nunziata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lepida S.c.p.A, Via del Borgo di S. Pietro, 90\/c, 40126 Bologna (BO), Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0705-527X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guido","family":"Matrella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Parma, Dip. Ingegneria e Architettura, Parco Area delle Scienze 181\/A, 43124 Parma (PR), Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8944-2152","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paolo","family":"Ciampolini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Parma, Dip. Ingegneria e Architettura, Parco Area delle Scienze 181\/A, 43124 Parma (PR), Italy"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sbspro.2011.05.106","article-title":"Population ageing in Europe","volume":"19","author":"Dlugosz","year":"2011","journal-title":"Procedia\u2013Soc. Behav. Sci."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"(2014). Population Ageing in Europe. Facts, Implications and Policies, European Commission, Directorate-General for Research and Innovation."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dobre, C., Mavromoustakis, C.X., Garcia, N.M., Mastorakis, G., and Goleva, R.I. (2017). Introduction to the AAL and ELE Systems. 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