{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,22]],"date-time":"2026-01-22T20:12:04Z","timestamp":1769112724781,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,23]],"date-time":"2019-07-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1563840000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In this work, we report an active respiration monitoring sensor based on a piezoelectric-transducer-gated thin-film transistor (PTGTFT) aiming to measure respiration-induced dynamic force in real time with high sensitivity and robustness. It differs from passive piezoelectric sensors in that the piezoelectric transducer signal is rectified and amplified by the PTGTFT. Thus, a detailed and easy-to-analyze respiration rhythm waveform can be collected with a sufficient time resolution. The respiration rate, three phases of respiration cycle, as well as phase patterns can be further extracted for prognosis and caution of potential apnea and other respiratory abnormalities, making the PTGTFT a great promise for application in long-term real-time respiration monitoring.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s19143241","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,23]],"date-time":"2019-07-23T10:44:51Z","timestamp":1563878691000},"page":"3241","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["An Active Self-Driven Piezoelectric Sensor Enabling Real-Time Respiration Monitoring"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0154-0175","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmed","family":"Rasheed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 132 East Waihuan Road, Guangzhou 510006, China"},{"name":"Sun Yat-sen University Shunde Research Institute, No. 9 Eastern Nanguo Road, Shunde District, Foshan 523800, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7750-5360","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emad","family":"Iranmanesh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 132 East Waihuan Road, Guangzhou 510006, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Weiwei","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 132 East Waihuan Road, Guangzhou 510006, China"},{"name":"Sun Yat-sen University Shunde Research Institute, No. 9 Eastern Nanguo Road, Shunde District, Foshan 523800, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yangbing","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 132 East Waihuan Road, Guangzhou 510006, China"},{"name":"Sun Yat-sen University Shunde Research Institute, No. 9 Eastern Nanguo Road, Shunde District, Foshan 523800, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qi","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 132 East Waihuan Road, Guangzhou 510006, China"},{"name":"Sun Yat-sen University Shunde Research Institute, No. 9 Eastern Nanguo Road, Shunde District, Foshan 523800, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hai","family":"Ou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 132 East Waihuan Road, Guangzhou 510006, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2006-5760","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kai","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 132 East Waihuan Road, Guangzhou 510006, China"},{"name":"Sun Yat-sen University Shunde Research Institute, No. 9 Eastern Nanguo Road, Shunde District, Foshan 523800, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e56","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000659","article-title":"Heart disease and stroke statistics\u20142019 update: A report from the American heart association","volume":"139","author":"Benjamin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.2008.tb01825.x","article-title":"Respiratory rate: The neglected vital sign","volume":"188","author":"Cretikos","year":"2008","journal-title":"Med. 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