{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T22:16:56Z","timestamp":1767910616421,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,2]],"date-time":"2019-09-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1567382400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["990398"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["990398"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Hospitals play an important role on ensuring a proper treatment of human health. One of the problems to be faced is the increasingly overcrowded patients care queues, who end up waiting for longer times without proper treatment to their health problems. The allocation of health professionals in hospital environments is not able to adapt to the demands of patients. There are times when underused rooms have idle professionals, and overused rooms have fewer professionals than necessary. Previous works have not solved this problem since they focus on understanding the evolution of doctor supply and patient demand, as to better adjust one to the other. However, they have not proposed concrete solutions for that regarding techniques for better allocating available human resources. Moreover, elasticity is one of the most important features of cloud computing, referring to the ability to add or remove resources according to the needs of the application or service. Based on this background, we introduce Elastic allocation of human resources in Healthcare environments (ElHealth) an IoT-focused model able to monitor patient usage of hospital rooms and adapt these rooms for patients demand. Using reactive and proactive elasticity approaches, ElHealth identifies when a room will have a demand that exceeds the capacity of care, and proposes actions to move human resources to adapt to patient demand. Our main contribution is the definition of Human Resources IoT-based Elasticity (i.e., an extension of the concept of resource elasticity in Cloud Computing to manage the use of human resources in a healthcare environment, where health professionals are allocated and deallocated according to patient demand). Another contribution is a cost\u2013benefit analysis for the use of reactive and predictive strategies on human resources reorganization. ElHealth was simulated on a hospital environment using data from a Brazilian polyclinic, and obtained promising results, decreasing the waiting time by up to 96.4% and 96.73% in reactive and proactive approaches, respectively.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s19173800","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,3]],"date-time":"2019-09-03T03:06:14Z","timestamp":1567479974000},"page":"3800","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Towards Evaluating Proactive and Reactive Approaches on Reorganizing Human Resources in IoT-Based Smart Hospitals"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Gabriel Souto","family":"Fischer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Computa\u00e7\u00e3o Aplicada\u2014PPGCA, Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos\u2014Unisinos, Av. Unisinos 950, Bairro Cristo Rei, S\u00e3o Leopoldo CEP 93022-750, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5080-7660","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rodrigo da Rosa","family":"Righi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Computa\u00e7\u00e3o Aplicada\u2014PPGCA, Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos\u2014Unisinos, Av. Unisinos 950, Bairro Cristo Rei, S\u00e3o Leopoldo CEP 93022-750, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3859-6199","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristiano Andr\u00e9 da","family":"Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Computa\u00e7\u00e3o Aplicada\u2014PPGCA, Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos\u2014Unisinos, Av. Unisinos 950, Bairro Cristo Rei, S\u00e3o Leopoldo CEP 93022-750, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guilherme","family":"Galante","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Ci\u00eancia da Computa\u00e7\u00e3o\u2014PPGComp, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paran\u00e1\u2013Unioeste, Rua Universit\u00e1ria 2069, Bairro Jardim Universit\u00e1rio, Cascavel CEP 85819-110, Paran\u00e1, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4690-3964","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dalvan","family":"Griebler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Parallel Applications Modeling Group\u2014GMAP, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul\u2014PUCRS, Av. Ipiranga 6681, Bairro Partenon, Porto Alegre CEP 90619-900, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil"},{"name":"Laboratory of Advanced Research on Cloud Computing\u2013LARCC, Tr\u00eas de Maio Educational Society\u2014SETREM, Av. Santa Rosa 2405, Tr\u00eas de Maio CEP 98910-000, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1109\/MCE.2016.2640718","article-title":"Create Your Own Internet of Things: A survey of IoT platforms","volume":"6","author":"Singh","year":"2017","journal-title":"IEEE Consum. Electron. Mag."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ruz, M.L., Garrido, J., Jim\u00e9nez, J., Virrankoski, R., and V\u00e1zquez, F. (2019). Simulation Tool for the Analysis of Cooperative Localization Algorithms for Wireless Sensor Networks. 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