{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T09:56:16Z","timestamp":1767866176045,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,13]],"date-time":"2019-09-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1568332800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"The National Key Research and Development Program","award":["No. 2016YFC0301801"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. 2016YFC0301801"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"The National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["No.61825107"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No.61825107"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"The National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["No.61431019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No.61431019"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"The National Key Scientific Instrument and Equipment Development Project of China","award":["No. 2013YQ12035703"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. 2013YQ12035703"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This paper presents microelectromechanical system (MEMS)-based electrochemical seismometers with two pairs of electrodes integrated on one chip. Both theoretical analysis and numerical simulations were conducted to reveal the working principle of the proposed electrochemical seismometers, finding that flow holes distributed on cathodes rather than anodes can produce significantly higher sensitivities. The proposed electrochemical seismometers were fabricated based on conventional micromachined processes with high fabrication repeatability. Sensitivity measurements of the proposed seismometers and their commercial counterpart of CME6011 were conducted, indicating the sensitivities of the proposed seismometer with flow holes on cathodes were two orders higher than the counterpart with flow holes on anodes and one order higher than CME6011 at dominant frequencies. Measurements of random ground motions based on the proposed seismometer with flow holes on cathodes and CME6011 were conducted, producing comparable noise levels without observable ground motions and high correlations in response to random events of ground motions. These results validated the functionality of the proposed electrochemical seismometers, which may contribute to seismic monitoring in the near future.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s19183953","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,13]],"date-time":"2019-09-13T10:32:41Z","timestamp":1568370761000},"page":"3953","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Microelectromechanical System-Based Electrochemical Seismometers with Two Pairs of Electrodes Integrated on One Chip"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3726-9340","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xichen","family":"Zheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100010, China"}]},{"given":"Deyong","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100010, China"}]},{"given":"Junbo","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100010, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4612-3279","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jian","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100010, China"}]},{"given":"Chao","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100010, China"}]},{"given":"Wenjie","family":"Qi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100010, China"}]},{"given":"Bowen","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100010, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Havskov, J., and Alguacil, G. 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