{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T03:45:41Z","timestamp":1760240741177,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,16]],"date-time":"2019-09-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1568592000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This paper presents a sensor-readout circuit system suitable for presence detection. The sensor consists of a miniaturized polysilicon thermopile, realized employing MEMS micromachining by STMicroelectronics, featuring a responsivity value equal to 180 V\/W, with 13 ms response time. The readout circuit is implemented in a standard 130-nm CMOS process. As the sensor output signal behaves substantially as a DC, the interface circuit employs the chopper technique in order to minimize offset and noise contributions at low frequency, achieving a measured input referred offset standard deviation equal to 1.36    \u03bc   V. Measurements show that the presented system allows successfully detecting the presence of a person in a room standing at 5.5 m from the sensor. Furthermore, the correct operation of the system with moving targets, considering people either walking or running, was also demonstrated.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s19183999","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,17]],"date-time":"2019-09-17T03:31:46Z","timestamp":1568691106000},"page":"3999","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["An Integrated Thermopile-Based Sensor with a Chopper-Stabilized Interface Circuit for Presence Detection"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8535-4227","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elisabetta","family":"Moisello","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical, Computer and Biomedical Engineering, University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 5, 27100 Pavia, Italy"}]},{"given":"Michele","family":"Vaiana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"STMicroelectronics, Str. Primosole 50, 95121 Catania, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7864-6085","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Eloisa","family":"Castagna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"STMicroelectronics, Str. Primosole 50, 95121 Catania, Italy"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Bruno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"STMicroelectronics, Str. Primosole 50, 95121 Catania, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6514-9672","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Piero","family":"Malcovati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical, Computer and Biomedical Engineering, University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 5, 27100 Pavia, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8398-8506","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edoardo","family":"Bonizzoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical, Computer and Biomedical Engineering, University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 5, 27100 Pavia, Italy"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Quwaider, M. (2017, January 4\u20136). Real-time Intruder Surveillance using Low-cost Remote Wireless Sensors. 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