{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,18]],"date-time":"2025-11-18T01:33:53Z","timestamp":1763429633443,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"20","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,14]],"date-time":"2019-10-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1571011200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In this paper, we present a knee exoskeleton. Due to the complicated structure of the knee, an exoskeleton can limit the wearer\u2019s movement (e.g., when completely sitting down). To prevent this, the proposed exoskeleton is designed to move the ankle part prismatically, so the movement of the wearer is not limited. In addition, the developed exoskeleton could be worn on only one leg, but in this case, it is difficult to detect the intention because the relative relationship information of the two legs is unknown. For this purpose, the length between the knee center of rotation and the ankle (LBKA) was measured and used for intention detection. Using a physical sensor\u2014an encoder and an LBKA sensor, the success rate of intention detection was 82.1%. By additionally using an electromyogram (EMG) sensor, the success rate of intention detection was increased to 92%, and the intention detection was also 27.1 ms faster on average.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s19204447","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,14]],"date-time":"2019-10-14T12:14:05Z","timestamp":1571055245000},"page":"4447","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Intention Detection Using Physical Sensors and Electromyogram for a Single Leg Knee Exoskeleton"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Dae-Hoon","family":"Moon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Donghan","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6174-6442","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Young-Dae","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1895","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-9993(03)00281-8","article-title":"Development of the concepts of knee kinematics","volume":"84","author":"Smith","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Celebi, B., Yalcin, M., and Patoglu, V. (2013, January 3\u20137). ASSISTON-KNEE: A self-aligning knee exoskeleton. Proceedings of the IEEE\/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems, Tokyo, Japan.","DOI":"10.1109\/IROS.2013.6696472"},{"key":"ref_3","unstructured":"Kim, K.J., Kang, M.S., Choi, Y.S., Han, J., and Han, C. (July, January 29). Conceptualization of an exoskeleton continuous passive motion (cpm) device using a link structure. Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Rehabilitation Robotics, Zurich Science City, Switzerland."},{"key":"ref_4","first-page":"050802","article-title":"Misalignment Compensation for Full Human-Exoskeleton Kinematic Compatibility: State of the Art and Evaluation","volume":"70","author":"Junius","year":"2019","journal-title":"Appl. Mech. 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Kinesiol."}],"container-title":["Sensors"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1424-8220\/19\/20\/4447\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T13:26:06Z","timestamp":1760189166000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1424-8220\/19\/20\/4447"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,14]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"20","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,10]]}},"alternative-id":["s19204447"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/s19204447","relation":{},"ISSN":["1424-8220"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1424-8220"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,14]]}}}