{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T03:48:42Z","timestamp":1760240922273,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"20","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,20]],"date-time":"2019-10-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1571529600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003141","name":"Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnolog\u00eda","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["409071"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["409071"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003141","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The present work experimentally demonstrates a multimode fiber optic sensing setup for total fat detection in raw milk samples. The optical fiber arrangement incorporates a low-coherence Fabry\u2013Perot cavity operating in dual response. The system provides a phase modulation for a total fat range from 0.97 to 4.36%. Here, the protein remains constant at \u22483%. The data indicate that maximum sensitivity close to 616 pm\/%fat could be achieved at optimal wavelength operation (500 nm). In addition, the system presented a minimal repeatability error measurement of 0.08%, cross-sensitivity between protein and fat of 0.134, and a regression coefficient of      r 2  = 0.9763    . A thermal analysis was also performed, which indicate the temperature immunity of the system. The proposed method represents a low-cost alternative to detect minimal fat variations in raw cow milk.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s19204562","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,21]],"date-time":"2019-10-21T03:40:29Z","timestamp":1571629229000},"page":"4562","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["A New Method for Total Fat Detection in Raw Milk Based on Dual Low-Coherence Interferometer"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4526-1680","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abraham","family":"Gast\u00e9lum-Barrios","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ingenier\u00eda Campus Amazcala, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Quer\u00e9taro, Carr. Chichimequillas S\/N Km 1, Amazcala, El Marqu\u00e9s, Quer\u00e9taro 76265, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Genaro M.","family":"Soto-Zaraz\u00faa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ingenier\u00eda Campus Amazcala, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Quer\u00e9taro, Carr. Chichimequillas S\/N Km 1, Amazcala, El Marqu\u00e9s, Quer\u00e9taro 76265, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juan F.","family":"Garc\u00eda-Trejo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ingenier\u00eda Campus Amazcala, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Quer\u00e9taro, Carr. Chichimequillas S\/N Km 1, Amazcala, El Marqu\u00e9s, Quer\u00e9taro 76265, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juan M.","family":"Sierra-Hernandez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Electr\u00f3nica, Divisi\u00f3n de Ingenier\u00edas, Campus Irapuato-Salamanca, Universidad de Guanajuato, Carretera Salamanca-Valle de Santiago Km. 3.5+1.8 Comunidad de Palo Blanco, Salamanca, Guanajuato 36787, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7621-8573","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Jauregui-Vazquez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Electr\u00f3nica, Divisi\u00f3n de Ingenier\u00edas, Campus Irapuato-Salamanca, Universidad de Guanajuato, Carretera Salamanca-Valle de Santiago Km. 3.5+1.8 Comunidad de Palo Blanco, Salamanca, Guanajuato 36787, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.5713\/ajas.2005.580","article-title":"Milk fat analysis by fiber-optic spectroscopy","volume":"18","author":"Ohtani","year":"2005","journal-title":"Asian-Australas. 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