{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,11]],"date-time":"2026-04-11T06:51:30Z","timestamp":1775890290003,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,22]],"date-time":"2019-11-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1574380800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004515","name":"Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DIP-2015-015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DIP-2015-015"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004515","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A toxicity electrochemical DNA biosensor has been constructed for the detection of carcinogens using 24 base guanine DNA rich single stranded DNA, and methylene blue (MB) as the electroactive indicator. This amine terminated ssDNA was immobilized onto silica nanospheres and deposited on gold nanoparticle modified carbon-paste screen printed electrodes (SPEs). The modified SPE was initially exposed to a carcinogen, followed by immersion in methylene blue for an optimized duration. The biosensor response was measured using differential pulse voltammetry. The performance of the biosensor was identified on several anti-cancer compounds. The toxicity DNA biosensor demonstrated a linear response range to the cadmium chloride from 0.0005 ppm to 0.01 ppm (R2 = 0.928) with a limit of detection at 0.0004 ppm. The biosensor also exhibited its versatility to screen the carcinogenicity of potential anti-cancer compounds.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s19235111","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,22]],"date-time":"2019-11-22T09:02:52Z","timestamp":1574413372000},"page":"5111","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["An Electrochemical DNA Biosensor for Carcinogenicity of Anticancer Compounds Based on Competition between Methylene Blue and Oligonucleotides"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Nor Diyana","family":"Md. Sani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sanichem Resources Sdn Bhd, No 7 &amp; 7a, Jalan Timur 6\/1a, Mercato Enstek, Bandar Enstek NSN 71060, Malaysia"}]},{"given":"Eda Yuhana","family":"Ariffin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Advanced Materials &amp; Renewable Resources, Faculty of Science &amp; Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bandar Baru Bangi 43600, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia"}]},{"given":"Wong","family":"Sheryn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Advanced Materials &amp; Renewable Resources, Faculty of Science &amp; Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bandar Baru Bangi 43600, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia"}]},{"given":"Mohd Asyraf","family":"Shamsuddin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Advanced Materials &amp; Renewable Resources, Faculty of Science &amp; Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bandar Baru Bangi 43600, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia"}]},{"given":"Lee Yook","family":"Heng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Advanced Materials &amp; Renewable Resources, Faculty of Science &amp; Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bandar Baru Bangi 43600, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia"}]},{"given":"Jalifah","family":"Latip","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Advanced Materials &amp; Renewable Resources, Faculty of Science &amp; Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bandar Baru Bangi 43600, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia"}]},{"given":"Siti Aishah","family":"Hasbullah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Advanced Materials &amp; Renewable Resources, Faculty of Science &amp; Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bandar Baru Bangi 43600, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1235-4290","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nurul Izzaty","family":"Hassan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Advanced Materials &amp; Renewable Resources, Faculty of Science &amp; Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bandar Baru Bangi 43600, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2453","DOI":"10.1080\/00032710008543201","article-title":"Characterization of the Binding of Methylene Blue to DNA by Spectroscopic Methods","volume":"33","author":"Li","year":"2008","journal-title":"Anal. 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