{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T03:51:02Z","timestamp":1760241062058,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,29]],"date-time":"2019-11-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1574985600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61772295, 11975132"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61772295, 11975132"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007129","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ZR2016FB09"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZR2016FB09"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007129","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100015642","name":"Project of Shandong Province Higher Educational Science and Technology Program","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["J18KZ012"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["J18KZ012"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100015642","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Quantum Cloud Computing is the technology which has the capability to shape the future of computing. In \u201cPlatform as a Service (PaaS)\u201d type of cloud computing, the development environment is delivered as a service. In this paper, a multi-user broadcast protocol in network is developed with the mode of one master and N slaves together with a sequence of single photons. It can be applied to a multi-node network, in which a single photon sequence can be sent to all the slave nodes simultaneously. In broadcast communication networks, these single photons encode classical information directly through noisy quantum communication channels. The results show that this protocol can realize the secret key generation and sharing of multiple nodes. The protocol we propose is also proved to be unconditionally secure in theory, which indicates its feasibility in theoretical application.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s19235257","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,29]],"date-time":"2019-11-29T10:58:21Z","timestamp":1575025101000},"page":"5257","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Quantum Multi-User Broadcast Protocol for the \u201cPlatform as a Service\u201d Model"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Peng","family":"Shi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Quantum Physics Laboratory, School of Science, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, China"}]},{"given":"Nachuan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Quantum Physics Laboratory, School of Science, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, China"}]},{"given":"Shumei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Quantum Physics Laboratory, School of Science, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, China"}]},{"given":"Zhi","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Quantum Physics Laboratory, School of Science, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, China"}]},{"given":"Mengran","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Quantum Physics Laboratory, School of Science, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, China"}]},{"given":"Hongyang","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Quantum Physics Laboratory, School of Science, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Singh, H., and Sachdev, A. (2014, January 6\u20138). The Quantum way of Cloud Computing. Proceedings of the 2014 International Conference on Reliability Optimization and Information Technology (ICROIT), Faridabad, India.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICROIT.2014.6798362"},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"Keller, E., and Rexford, J. (2010, January 27). The \u201dPlatform as a Service\u201d Model for Networking. Proceedings of the 2010 Internet Network Management Workshop\/Workshop on Research on Enterprise Networking (INM\/WREN), San Jose, CA, USA."},{"key":"ref_3","unstructured":"Bennett, C.H., and Brassard, G. (1984, January 9\u201312). WITHDRAWN: Quantum cryptography: Public key distribution and coin tossing. 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