{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T20:15:16Z","timestamp":1780431316850,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":129,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,7]],"date-time":"2020-02-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1581033600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The recently growing progress in neuroscience research and relevant achievements, as well as advancements in the fabrication process, have increased the demand for neural interfacing systems. Brain\u2013machine interfaces (BMIs) have been revealed to be a promising method for the diagnosis and treatment of neurological disorders and the restoration of sensory and motor function. Neural recording implants, as a part of BMI, are capable of capturing brain signals, and amplifying, digitizing, and transferring them outside of the body with a transmitter. The main challenges of designing such implants are minimizing power consumption and the silicon area. In this paper, multi-channel neural recording implants are surveyed. After presenting various neural-signal features, we investigate main available neural recording circuit and system architectures. The fundamental blocks of available architectures, such as neural amplifiers, analog to digital converters (ADCs) and compression blocks, are explored. We cover the various topologies of neural amplifiers, provide a comparison, and probe their design challenges. To achieve a relatively high SNR at the output of the neural amplifier, noise reduction techniques are discussed. Also, to transfer neural signals outside of the body, they are digitized using data converters, then in most cases, the data compression is applied to mitigate power consumption. We present the various dedicated ADC structures, as well as an overview of main data compression methods.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s20030904","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,7]],"date-time":"2020-02-07T11:50:28Z","timestamp":1581076228000},"page":"904","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":56,"title":["Multi-Channel Neural Recording Implants: A Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7451-9946","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fereidoon","family":"Hashemi Noshahr","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Polystim Neurotech. Lab., Department of Electrical Engineering, Polytechnique Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7960-471X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Morteza","family":"Nabavi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Polystim Neurotech. Lab., Department of Electrical Engineering, Polytechnique Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4137-7272","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohamad","family":"Sawan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Polystim Neurotech. Lab., Department of Electrical Engineering, Polytechnique Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada"},{"name":"School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, China"},{"name":"Institute of Advanced Study, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou 310024, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11076","article-title":"Reach and grasp by people with tetraplegia using a neurally controlled robotic arm","volume":"485","author":"Hochberg","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)61816-9","article-title":"High-performance neuroprosthetic control by an individual with tetraplegia","volume":"381","author":"Collinger","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-1119-1","article-title":"Speech synthesis from neural decoding of spoken sentences","volume":"568","author":"Anumanchipalli","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1038\/nature04970","article-title":"Neuronal ensemble control of prosthetic devices by a human with tetraplegia","volume":"442","author":"Hochberg","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, W., Collinger, J.L., Degenhart, A.D., Tyler-Kabara, E.C., Schwartz, A.B., Moran, D.W., Weber, D.J., Wodlinger, B., Vinjamuri, R.K., and Ashmore, R.C. 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