{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T14:05:51Z","timestamp":1782482751142,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":84,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,8]],"date-time":"2020-04-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1586304000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004663","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MOST- 108-2218-E-027 -017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST- 108-2218-E-027 -017"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Despite advancements in the Internet of Things (IoT) and social networks, developing an intelligent service discovery and composition framework in the Social IoT (SIoT) domain remains a challenge. In the IoT, a large number of things are connected together according to the different objectives of their owners. Due to this extensive connection of heterogeneous objects, generating a suitable recommendation for users becomes very difficult. The complexity of this problem exponentially increases when additional issues, such as user preferences, autonomous settings, and a chaotic IoT environment, must be considered. For the aforementioned reasons, this paper presents an SIoT architecture with a personalized recommendation framework to enhance service discovery and composition. The novel contribution of this study is the development of a unique personalized recommender engine that is based on the knowledge\u2013desire\u2013intention model and is suitable for service discovery in a smart community. Our algorithm provides service recommendations with high satisfaction by analyzing data concerning users\u2019 beliefs and surroundings. Moreover, the algorithm eliminates the prevalent cold start problem in the early stage of recommendation generation. Several experiments and benchmarking on different datasets are conducted to investigate the performance of the proposed personalized recommender engine. The experimental precision and recall results indicate that the proposed approach can achieve up to an approximately 28% higher F-score than conventional approaches. In general, the proposed hybrid approach outperforms other methods.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s20072098","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,9]],"date-time":"2020-04-09T03:40:19Z","timestamp":1586403619000},"page":"2098","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Creating Personalized Recommendations in a Smart Community by Performing User Trajectory Analysis through Social Internet of Things Deployment"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Guang Xing","family":"Lye","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Information and Communication Technology, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, 31900 Kampar, Perak, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1707-0462","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wai Khuen","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Information and Communication Technology, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, 31900 Kampar, Perak, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0708-1213","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Teik Boon","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Information and Communication Technology, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, 31900 Kampar, Perak, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chen Wei","family":"Hung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Information and Communication Technology, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, 31900 Kampar, Perak, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7717-9393","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yen-Lin","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, 1, Sec. 3, Chung-hsiao E. Rd., Taipei 10608, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gong, S., Chen, C.L., and Tao, X. (2011). Security and surveillance. Visual Analysis of Humans, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-85729-997-0_23"},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"22","article-title":"The Geography of Taste: Analyzing Cell-Phone Mobility and Social Events","volume":"Volume 6030","author":"Calabrese","year":"2010","journal-title":"Applied Reconfigurable Computing. Architectures, Tools, and Applications"},{"key":"ref_3","first-page":"1","article-title":"A Model of Socially Connected Web Objects for IoT Applications","volume":"2018","author":"Ali","year":"2018","journal-title":"Wirel. Commun. Mob. Comput."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wirz, M., Franke, T., Roggen, D., Mitleton-Kelly, E., Lukowicz, P., and Tr\u00f6ster, G. 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