{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T05:17:27Z","timestamp":1778822247017,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,27]],"date-time":"2020-04-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1587945600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006769","name":"Russian Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["18-15-00220"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["18-15-00220"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006769","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>We report the possibility of a time-resolved bacterial live\/dead dynamics observation with the use of plasmonic nanospikes. Sharp nanospikes, fabricated on a 500-nm thick gold film by laser ablation with the use of 1030-nm femtosecond pulses, were tested as potential elements for antibacterial surfaces and plasmonic luminescence sensors. Staphylococcus aureus bacteria were stained by a live\/dead viability kit, with the dead microorganisms acquiring the red colour, caused by the penetration of the luminescent dye propidium iodide through the damaged cell membrane. Photoluminescence was pumped by 515-nm femtosecond laser pulses with linear (Gaussian beam), circular, azimuthal and radial (Laguerre\u2013Gaussian beam) polarizations, exciting the transverse plasmon resonance of the nanospikes and their apex lightning-rod near-field. According to the numerical electrodynamic modeling, the observed strong increase in the photoluminescence yield for radial polarization, while slightly lower for circular and azimuthal polarizations, compared with the low luminescence intensities for the linear laser polarization, was related to their different laser\u2013nanospike coupling efficiencies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s20092466","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,28]],"date-time":"2020-04-28T10:30:58Z","timestamp":1588069858000},"page":"2466","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Polarization-Sensitive Surface-Enhanced In Situ Photoluminescence Spectroscopy of S. aureus Bacteria on Gold Nanospikes"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Irina","family":"Saraeva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"P. N. Lebedev Physics Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy Prospect 53, 119991 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6657-2739","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sergey I.","family":"Kudryashov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"P. N. Lebedev Physics Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy Prospect 53, 119991 Moscow, Russia"},{"name":"Faculty of Photonics, ITMO University, Kronverkskiy Prospect 49, 197101 Saint-Petersburg, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pavel","family":"Danilov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"P. N. Lebedev Physics Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy Prospect 53, 119991 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6391-2064","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nikolay","family":"Busleev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"P. N. Lebedev Physics Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy Prospect 53, 119991 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eteri R.","family":"Tolordava","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"P. N. Lebedev Physics Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy Prospect 53, 119991 Moscow, Russia"},{"name":"N.F. Gamaleya Federal Research Centre of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Gamalei Street 18, 123098 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrey A.","family":"Rudenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"P. N. Lebedev Physics Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy Prospect 53, 119991 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dmitriy","family":"Zayarny","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"P. N. Lebedev Physics Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy Prospect 53, 119991 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrey","family":"Ionin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"P. N. Lebedev Physics Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy Prospect 53, 119991 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yulia M.","family":"Romanova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"N.F. Gamaleya Federal Research Centre of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Gamalei Street 18, 123098 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1517","DOI":"10.1039\/C8RA08462A","article-title":"Explosives sensing using Ag\u2013Cu alloy nanoparticles synthesized by femtosecond laser ablation and irradiation","volume":"9","author":"Bharati","year":"2019","journal-title":"RSC Adv."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.anchem.1.031207.112814","article-title":"Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy","volume":"1","author":"Stiles","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ann. Rev. Anal. 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