{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]],"date-time":"2025-10-21T15:37:08Z","timestamp":1761061028321,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,29]],"date-time":"2020-04-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1588118400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006606","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin City","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["18JCQNJC71200","18JCQNJC75500"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["18JCQNJC71200","18JCQNJC75500"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006606","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Scientific Research Project of Tianjin Education Commission","award":["2018KJ136","2017KJ253"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018KJ136","2017KJ253"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61974104","61803281"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61974104","61803281"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>An analytical model for analyzing multi-channel intracavity spectroscopy technology (ICST) is established based on rate equations of Er-doped fiber laser. With the consideration of the amplified spontaneous emission, how the mode competition influences the iterative process for a stable output is analyzed. From the perspective of iterative times, the sensitivity-enhanced mechanism of the ICST is explained. Moreover, the theoretical modeling is employed to analyze the role that the mode-competition effect plays in switching the sensing channel automatically. It is demonstrated that, owing to the mode-competition effect in the laser cavity, the modulation of the cavity loss can be used to tune the sensing channel automatically. Furthermore, our proposed theoretical modeling is verified using a multi-channel ICST sensing system. It is indicated that the calculated estimates agree well with those data from the experimental absorption spectra. The principle will play a significant role in realizing the multiplexing of ICST.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s20092539","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,29]],"date-time":"2020-04-29T13:23:45Z","timestamp":1588166625000},"page":"2539","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Theoretical Modeling of Multi-Channel Intracavity Spectroscopy Technology Based on Mode Competition in Er-Doped Fiber Ring Laser Cavity"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9746-0385","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Haiwei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Engineering Research Center of Optoelectronic Devices and Communication Technology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Film Electronic and Communication Device, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5789-3570","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Liangcheng","family":"Duan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Laser and Optoelectronics, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Information Science and Technology (Ministry of Education), School of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0369-6504","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yan","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Engineering Research Center of Optoelectronic Devices and Communication Technology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Film Electronic and Communication Device, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China"}]},{"given":"Lifang","family":"Xue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Engineering Research Center of Optoelectronic Devices and Communication Technology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Film Electronic and Communication Device, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China"}]},{"given":"Pengbo","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laser Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Engineering Research Center of Optoelectronic Devices and Communication Technology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Film Electronic and Communication Device, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China"}]},{"given":"Yangbo","family":"Bai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Engineering Research Center of Optoelectronic Devices and Communication Technology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Film Electronic and Communication Device, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Laser and Optoelectronics, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Information Science and Technology (Ministry of Education), School of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China"}]},{"given":"Jianquan","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Laser and Optoelectronics, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Information Science and Technology (Ministry of Education), School of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00332504","article-title":"Intra-cavity spectroscopy with diode lasers","volume":"55","author":"Baev","year":"1992","journal-title":"Appl. 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