{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T12:13:36Z","timestamp":1773404016133,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,5]],"date-time":"2020-05-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1588636800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004663","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MOST-102-2628-B-010-010-MY3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST-102-2628-B-010-010-MY3"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Tri-Service General Hospital Songshan Branch","award":["TSGH-SS-D-109030"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TSGH-SS-D-109030"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The most common oral cancer is squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and its highest occurrence is in the tongue. Almost 30% of patients with one primary head and neck tumor will have a second primary malignancy. In recent studies, two novel plant extracts, andrographolide and cannabidiol (CBD), have been exploited for their anticancer effects. Here, we investigated the cytotoxic effects of these two compounds on SCC-25 cells, a human tongue squamous carcinoma cell line, and compared the outcomes with two chemotherapeutic drugs, cisplatin and fluorouracil. Electric cell substrate impedance sensing (ECIS) system was applied to measure frequency- and time-dependent impedance of SCC-25 cell-covered electrodes and to further assess subtle changes in cell morphology and micromotion in response to different concentrations (0, 10, 30, 100, and 300 \u00b5M) of these compounds. AlamarBlue and Annexin V\/7-AAD binding assays were used to measure the concentration dependent changes in viability and apoptosis of SCC-25 cells. Our results demonstrate that 24 hours after exposure to 30 \u00b5M CBD can significantly decrease the micromotion rate, damage the integrity of cell morphology, reduce cell viability, and induce higher apoptosis in treated SCC-25 cells, while the other three drugs attain similar effects at the concentration of 100 \u00b5M or higher. The apoptosis-induced changes in cell morphology and micromotion monitored by ECIS correlate well with biochemical assays. Thus, both frequency- and time-dependent impedance measurements using ECIS can be used to real-time follow cancer cell activities in response to anticancer drugs with different temporal cytotoxicity profiles.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s20092632","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,7]],"date-time":"2020-05-07T03:10:38Z","timestamp":1588821038000},"page":"2632","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Electrochemical Assessment of Anticancer Compounds on the Human Tongue Squamous Carcinoma Cells"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Chun-Chung","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan"}]},{"given":"Tse-Hua","family":"Tung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan"}]},{"given":"Chien-Chu","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Institution of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan"}]},{"given":"Shao-Yi","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical and Computer-Aided Engineering, National Formosa University, Yunlin 63201, Taiwan"}]},{"given":"Shih-Chi","family":"Chao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan"}]},{"given":"Sheng-Po","family":"Chiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital Songshan Branch, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7345-2062","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shiao-Pieng","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4382-4512","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chun-Min","family":"Lo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1089\/hum.1997.8.5-585","article-title":"Transfection and expression of mnsod cdna decreases tumor malignancy of human oral squamous carcinoma scc-25 cells","volume":"8","author":"Liu","year":"1997","journal-title":"Hum. 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