{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T01:13:35Z","timestamp":1777425215842,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,14]],"date-time":"2020-05-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1589414400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000781","name":"European Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["669466\/TUCLA"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["669466\/TUCLA"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000781","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004527","name":"Swedish Energy Agency","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Centre for Combustion Science and Technology"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Centre for Combustion Science and Technology"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004527","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Measurement of acoustic waves from laser-induced breakdown has been developed as gas thermometry in combustion atmospheres. In the measurement, two laser-induced breakdown spots are generated and the local gas temperature between these two spots is determined through the measurement of the sound speed between them. In the previous study, it was found that the local gas breakdown can introduce notable system uncertainty, about 5% to the measured temperature. To eliminate the interference, in present work, a new measurement procedure was proposed, where two individual laser pulses with optimized firing order and delay time were employed. With the new measurement procedure, the system uncertainty caused by local gas breakdown can be largely avoided and the temporal and spatial resolutions can reach up to 0.5 ms and 10 mm, respectively. The improved thermometry, dual-laser-induced breakdown thermometry (DLIBT), was applied to measure temperatures of hot flue gases provided by a multijet burner. The measured temperatures covering the range between 1000 K and 2000 K were compared with the ones accurately obtained through the two-line atomic fluorescence (TLAF) thermometry with a measurement uncertainty of ~3%, and a very good agreement was obtained.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s20102803","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,15]],"date-time":"2020-05-15T10:53:59Z","timestamp":1589540039000},"page":"2803","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Dual-Laser-Induced Breakdown Thermometry via Sound Speed Measurement: A New Procedure for Improved Spatiotemporal Resolution"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Shen","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Combustion Physics, Lund University, P.O. Box 118, 22100 Lund, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wubin","family":"Weng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Combustion Physics, Lund University, P.O. Box 118, 22100 Lund, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chengdong","family":"Kong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Combustion Physics, Lund University, P.O. Box 118, 22100 Lund, Sweden"},{"name":"Institute of Thermal Energy Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marcus","family":"Ald\u00e9n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Combustion Physics, Lund University, P.O. Box 118, 22100 Lund, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0447-2748","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhongshan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Combustion Physics, Lund University, P.O. Box 118, 22100 Lund, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Noll, R. (2012). Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy, Springer Science and Business Media LLC.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-20668-9"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yueh, F.Y., Tripathi, M.M., and Singh, J.P. (2014). 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