{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T17:28:21Z","timestamp":1775064501264,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,20]],"date-time":"2020-05-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1589932800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1739396"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1739396"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In this paper, we propose a deep convolutional neural network for camera based wildfire detection. We train the neural network via transfer learning and use window based analysis strategy to increase the fire detection rate. To achieve computational efficiency, we calculate frequency response of the kernels in convolutional and dense layers and eliminate those filters with low energy impulse response. Moreover, to reduce the storage for edge devices, we compare the convolutional kernels in Fourier domain and discard similar filters using the cosine similarity measure in the frequency domain. We test the performance of the neural network with a variety of wildfire video clips and the pruned system performs as good as the regular network in daytime wild fire detection, and it also works well on some night wild fire video clips.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s20102891","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,20]],"date-time":"2020-05-20T10:37:38Z","timestamp":1589971058000},"page":"2891","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":70,"title":["Computationally Efficient Wildfire Detection Method Using a Deep Convolutional Network Pruned via Fourier Analysis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9421-3936","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hongyi","family":"Pan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4979-5572","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diaa","family":"Badawi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3449-1958","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmet Enis","family":"Cetin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patrec.2005.06.015","article-title":"Computer vision based method for real-time fire and flame detection","volume":"27","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pattern Recognit. 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