{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T16:26:07Z","timestamp":1783009567674,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,24]],"date-time":"2020-05-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1590278400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In this paper, we present a new approach to the fusion of Sentinel 1 (S1) and Sentinel 2 (S2) data for land cover mapping. The proposed solution aims at improving methods based on Sentinel 2 data, that are unusable in case of cloud cover. This goal is achieved by using S1 data to generate S2-like segmentation maps to be used to integrate S2 acquisitions forbidden by cloud cover. In particular, we propose for the first time in remote sensing a multi-temporal W-Net approach for the segmentation of Interferometric Wide swath mode (IW) Sentinel-1 data collected along ascending\/descending orbit to discriminate rice, water, and bare soil. The quantitative assessment of segmentation accuracy shows an improvement of 0.18 and 0.25 in terms of accuracy and F1-score by applying the proposed multi-temporal procedure with respect to the previous single-date approach. Advantages and disadvantages of the proposed W-Net based solution have been tested in the National Park of Albufera, Valencia, and we show a performance gain in terms of the classical metrics used in segmentation tasks and the computational time.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s20102969","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,25]],"date-time":"2020-05-25T11:42:02Z","timestamp":1590406922000},"page":"2969","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["Integration of Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 Data for Land Cover Mapping Using W-Net"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Massimiliano","family":"Gargiulo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (DIETI), University Federico II, 80125 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Domenico A. G.","family":"Dell\u2019Aglio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (DIETI), University Federico II, 80125 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6173-3601","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonio","family":"Iodice","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (DIETI), University Federico II, 80125 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5299-1692","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniele","family":"Riccio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (DIETI), University Federico II, 80125 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Ruello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (DIETI), University Federico II, 80125 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0603.000301","article-title":"Remote sensing and human health: new sensors and new opportunities","volume":"6","author":"Beck","year":"2000","journal-title":"Emerg. 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