{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,3]],"date-time":"2026-04-03T09:50:27Z","timestamp":1775209827066,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,27]],"date-time":"2020-05-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1590537600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000066","name":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01ES022722"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01ES022722"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000066","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Air monitoring networks developed by communities have potential to reduce exposures and affect environmental health policy, yet there have been few performance evaluations of networks of these sensors in the field. We developed a network of over 40 air sensors in Imperial County, CA, which is delivering real-time data to local communities on levels of particulate matter. We report here on the performance of the Network to date by comparing the low-cost sensor readings to regulatory monitors for 4 years of operation (2015\u20132018) on a network-wide basis. Annual mean levels of PM10 did not differ statistically from regulatory annual means, but did for PM2.5 for two out of the 4 years. R2s from ordinary least square regression results ranged from 0.16 to 0.67 for PM10, and increased each year of operation. Sensor variability was higher among the Network monitors than the regulatory monitors. The Network identified a larger number of pollution episodes and identified under-reporting by the regulatory monitors. The participatory approach of the project resulted in increased engagement from local and state agencies and increased local knowledge about air quality, data interpretation, and health impacts. Community air monitoring networks have the potential to provide real-time reliable data to local populations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s20113031","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,28]],"date-time":"2020-05-28T12:36:58Z","timestamp":1590669418000},"page":"3031","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Performance of a Low-Cost Sensor Community Air Monitoring Network in Imperial County, CA"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1790-9926","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paul","family":"English","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dept. of Public Health, Richmond, CA 94804, USA"},{"name":"Tracking California, Public Health Institute, Oakland, CA 94607, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0501-0756","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Heather","family":"Amato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tracking California, Public Health Institute, Oakland, CA 94607, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Esther","family":"Bejarano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Comite Civico Del Valle, Brawley, CA 92227, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Graeme","family":"Carvlin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Humberto","family":"Lugo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Comite Civico Del Valle, Brawley, CA 92227, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Jerrett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90097, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Galatea","family":"King","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tracking California, Public Health Institute, Oakland, CA 94607, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Madrigal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tracking California, Public Health Institute, Oakland, CA 94607, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dan","family":"Meltzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tracking California, Public Health Institute, Oakland, CA 94607, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amanda","family":"Northcross","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luis","family":"Olmedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Comite Civico Del Valle, Brawley, CA 92227, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4058-0313","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edmund","family":"Seto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Torres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Comite Civico Del Valle, Brawley, CA 92227, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexa","family":"Wilkie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tracking California, Public Health Institute, Oakland, CA 94607, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michelle","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tracking California, Public Health Institute, Oakland, CA 94607, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11369","DOI":"10.1021\/es4022602","article-title":"The Changing Paradigm of Air Pollution Monitoring","volume":"47","author":"Snyder","year":"2013","journal-title":"Environ. 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