{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T02:52:35Z","timestamp":1760237555565,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,30]],"date-time":"2020-05-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1590796800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NRF-2017R1E1A1A01073894"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2017R1E1A1A01073894"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>It has recently been discovered that organic and inorganic arsenics could be detrimental to human health. Although organic arsenic is less toxic than inorganic arsenic, it could form inorganic arsenic through chemical and biological processes in environmental systems. In this regard, the availability of tools for detecting organic arsenic species would be beneficial. Because As-sensing biosensors employing arsenic responsive genetic systems are regulated by ArsR which detects arsenics, the target selectivity of biosensors could be obtained by modulating the selectivity of ArsR. In this study, we demonstrated a shift in the specificity of E. coli cell-based biosensors from the detection of inorganic arsenic to that of organic arsenic, specifically phenylarsine oxide (PAO), through the genetic engineering of ArsR. By modulating the number and location of cysteines forming coordinate covalent bonds with arsenic species, an E. coli cell-based biosensor that was specific to PAO was obtained. Despite its restriction to PAO at the moment, it offers invaluable evidence of the potential to generate new biosensors for sensing organic arsenic species through the genetic engineering of ArsR.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s20113093","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,2]],"date-time":"2020-06-02T09:19:27Z","timestamp":1591089567000},"page":"3093","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Shifting the Specificity of E. coli Biosensor from Inorganic Arsenic to Phenylarsine Oxide through Genetic Engineering"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Hyojin","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Health Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea"}]},{"given":"Yangwon","family":"Jeon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Health Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea"}]},{"given":"Woonwoo","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Health Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea"}]},{"given":"Geupil","family":"Jang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea"}]},{"given":"Youngdae","family":"Yoon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Health Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1007\/s10534-004-5787-3","article-title":"Biosensors for heavy metals","volume":"18","author":"Verma","year":"2005","journal-title":"Biometals"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1016\/j.snb.2015.09.090","article-title":"Current progress in biosensors for heavy metal ions based on DNAzymes\/DNA molecules functionalized nanostructures: A review","volume":"223","author":"Zhou","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sens. Actuators B Chem."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-019-10261-y","article-title":"Specific heavy metal\/metalloid sensors: Current state and perspectives","volume":"104","author":"Kim","year":"2020","journal-title":"Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1016\/0265-928X(89)80011-2","article-title":"Whole-cell biosensors for environmental monitoring","volume":"4","author":"Rawson","year":"1989","journal-title":"Biosensors"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-006-0319-4","article-title":"Whole-cell living biosensors\u2014Are they ready for environmental application?","volume":"70","author":"Harms","year":"2006","journal-title":"Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2672.2003.02114.x","article-title":"Bioluminescent bioreporter integrated circuits: Potentially small, rugged and inexpensive whole-cell biosensors for remote environmental monitoring","volume":"96","author":"Nivens","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Appl. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9147","DOI":"10.3390\/s91109147","article-title":"Reporter proteins in whole-cell optical bioreporter detection systems, biosensor integrations, and biosensing applications","volume":"9","author":"Close","year":"2009","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hynninen, A., and Virta, M. (2009). Whole-cell bioreporters for the detection of bioavailable metals. Whole Cell Sensing System II, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/10_2009_9"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.1999.01466.x","article-title":"ZntR is an autoregulatory protein and negatively regulates the chromosomal zinc resistance operon znt of Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"33","author":"Singh","year":"1999","journal-title":"Mol. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"981","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.177.4.981-986.1995","article-title":"The ars operon of Escherichia coli confers arsenical and antimonial resistance","volume":"177","author":"Carlin","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2012.01.020","article-title":"Genetically modified whole-cell bioreporters for environmental assessment","volume":"28","author":"Xu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ecol. Indic."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1109\/TCSI.2006.887982","article-title":"Integrated circuit biosensors using living whole-cell bioreporters","volume":"54","author":"Islam","year":"2007","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. I Regul. Pap."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yagur-Kroll, S., and Belkin, S. (2014). Molecular manipulations for enhancing luminescent bioreporters performance in the detection of toxic chemicals. Bioluminescence: Fundamentals and Applications in Biotechnology-Volume 2, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-43619-6_4"},{"key":"ref_14","unstructured":"Islam, S., Weathers, B., Terry, S., Zhang, M., Blalock, B., Caylor, S., Ripp, S., and Sayler, G. (2005, January 16). Genetically-Engineered Whole-Cell Bioreporters on Integrated Circuits for Very Low-Level Chemical Sensing. Proceedings of the 35th European Solid-State Device Research Conference, Grenoble, France."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-4274(02)00084-X","article-title":"Arsenic toxicity and potential mechanisms of action","volume":"133","author":"Hughes","year":"2002","journal-title":"Toxicol. Lett."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2009.01.005","article-title":"Aquatic arsenic: Toxicity, speciation, transformations, and remediation","volume":"35","author":"Sharma","year":"2009","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2016.12.113","article-title":"Human exposure to organic arsenic species from seafood","volume":"580","author":"Taylor","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7340","DOI":"10.1021\/jf025672i","article-title":"Presence of organoarsenicals used in cotton production in agricultural water and soil of the southern United States","volume":"50","author":"Bednar","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1141","DOI":"10.1021\/es4038319","article-title":"Biosensor for organoarsenical herbicides and growth promoters","volume":"48","author":"Chen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4536","DOI":"10.1021\/es0628506","article-title":"Distribution and fate of inorganic and organic arsenic species in landfill leachates and biogases","volume":"41","author":"Amouroux","year":"2007","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/S0048-9697(99)00269-7","article-title":"Influence of microbes on the mobilization, toxicity and biomethylation of arsenic in soil","volume":"236","author":"Turpeinen","year":"1999","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1007\/s00216-003-2064-1","article-title":"Benefits of high resolution IC\u2013ICP\u2013MS for the routine analysis of inorganic and organic arsenic species in food products of marine and terrestrial origin","volume":"377","author":"Kohlmeyer","year":"2003","journal-title":"Anal. Bioanal. Chem."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.1080\/02652030110113762","article-title":"Determination of total arsenic, inorganic and organic arsenic species in wine","volume":"19","author":"Moreno","year":"2002","journal-title":"Food Addit. Contam."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2691","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-020-10413-5","article-title":"Antimony sensing whole-cell bioreporters derived from ArsR genetic engineering","volume":"104","author":"Lee","year":"2020","journal-title":"Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.3390\/bios4040494","article-title":"Biosensors for inorganic and organic arsenicals","volume":"4","author":"Chen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biosensors"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1111\/mmi.13826","article-title":"A novel MAs (III)-selective ArsR transcriptional repressor","volume":"106","author":"Chen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mol. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4863","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-018-8960-2","article-title":"Modulating the sensing properties of Escherichia coli-based bioreporters for cadmium and mercury","volume":"102","author":"Kang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Camacho, C., Coulouris, G., Avagyan, V., Ma, N., Papadopoulos, J., Bealer, K., and Madden, T.L. (2009). BLAST+: Architecture and applications. BMC Bioinform., 10.","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-10-421"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"W296","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gky427","article-title":"SWISS-MODEL: Homology modelling of protein structures and complexes","volume":"46","author":"Waterhouse","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1605","DOI":"10.1002\/jcc.20084","article-title":"UCSF Chimera\u2014A visualization system for exploratory research and analysis","volume":"25","author":"Pettersen","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Comput. Chem."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1080\/01490450600761953","article-title":"Seasonal dynamics of dimethylarsenic acid degrading bacteria dominated in Lake Kibagata","volume":"23","author":"Maki","year":"2006","journal-title":"Geomicrobiol. J."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.1021\/es061802i","article-title":"Biotransformation of 3-nitro-4-hydroxybenzene arsonic acid (roxarsone) and release of inorganic arsenic by Clostridium species","volume":"41","author":"Stolz","year":"2007","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"951","DOI":"10.1021\/es026110i","article-title":"Biotransformation and accumulation of arsenic in soil amended with seaweed","volume":"37","author":"Castlehouse","year":"2003","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19826","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)32094-X","article-title":"Identification of a putative metal binding site in a new family of metalloregulatory proteins","volume":"269","author":"Shi","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"C182","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.1989.257.2.C182","article-title":"Phenylarsine oxide inhibition of endocytosis: Effects on asialofetuin internalization","volume":"257","author":"Gibson","year":"1989","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Cell Physiol."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9255","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.87.23.9255","article-title":"Tyrosine phosphorylation in T cells is regulated by phosphatase activity: Studies with phenylarsine oxide","volume":"87","author":"Minami","year":"1990","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"}],"container-title":["Sensors"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1424-8220\/20\/11\/3093\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T09:34:01Z","timestamp":1760175241000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1424-8220\/20\/11\/3093"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,30]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]}},"alternative-id":["s20113093"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/s20113093","relation":{},"ISSN":["1424-8220"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1424-8220"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,30]]}}}