{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,5]],"date-time":"2026-01-05T22:28:55Z","timestamp":1767652135979,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,2]],"date-time":"2020-06-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1591056000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00f3n y Universidades (Spain), co-financed with FEDER.","award":["RTI2018-093512-B-C21"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RTI2018-093512-B-C21"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In tissue engineering, of utmost importance is the control of tissue formation, in order to form tissue constructs of clinical relevance. In this work, we present the use of an impedance spectroscopy technique for the real-time measurement of the dielectric properties of skeletal myoblast cell cultures. The processes involved in the growth and differentiation of these cell cultures in skeletal muscle are studied. A circuit based on the oscillation-based test technique was used, avoiding the use of high-performance circuitry or external input signals. The effect of electrical pulse stimulation applied to cell cultures was also studied. The technique proved useful for monitoring in real-time the processes of cell growth and estimating the fill factor of muscular stem cells. Impedance spectroscopy was also useful to study the real-time monitoring of cell differentiation, obtaining different oscillation amplitude levels for differentiated and undifferentiated cell cultures. Finally, an electrical model was implemented to better understand the physical properties of the cell culture and control the tissue formation process.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s20113152","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,3]],"date-time":"2020-06-03T04:12:09Z","timestamp":1591157529000},"page":"3152","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Electrical Modeling of the Growth and Differentiation of Skeletal Myoblasts Cell Cultures for Tissue Engineering"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6388-4462","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alberto","family":"Olmo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Microelectr\u00f3nica de Sevilla, IMSE, CNM (CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla), Av. Am\u00e9rico Vespucio, sn 41092 Sevilla, Spain"},{"name":"Escuela T\u00e9cnica Superior de Ingenier\u00eda Inform\u00e1tica, Departamento de Tecnolog\u00eda Electr\u00f3nica, Universidad de Sevilla, Av. Reina Mercedes, sn 41012 Sevilla, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yaiza","family":"Yuste","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Campus Hospital Universitario Virgen del Roc\u00edo, Avda. Manuel Siurot, s\/n 41013, Sevilla, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9881-0148","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan Alfonso","family":"Serrano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Microelectr\u00f3nica de Sevilla, IMSE, CNM (CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla), Av. Am\u00e9rico Vespucio, sn 41092 Sevilla, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andres","family":"Maldonado-Jacobi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Microelectr\u00f3nica de Sevilla, IMSE, CNM (CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla), Av. Am\u00e9rico Vespucio, sn 41092 Sevilla, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pablo","family":"P\u00e9rez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Microelectr\u00f3nica de Sevilla, IMSE, CNM (CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla), Av. Am\u00e9rico Vespucio, sn 41092 Sevilla, Spain"},{"name":"Escuela T\u00e9cnica Superior de Ingenier\u00eda Inform\u00e1tica, Departamento de Tecnolog\u00eda Electr\u00f3nica, Universidad de Sevilla, Av. Reina Mercedes, sn 41012 Sevilla, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gloria","family":"Huertas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Microelectr\u00f3nica de Sevilla, IMSE, CNM (CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla), Av. Am\u00e9rico Vespucio, sn 41092 Sevilla, Spain"},{"name":"Facultad de F\u00edsica, Departamento de Electr\u00f3nica y Electromagnetismo, Universidad de Sevilla, Av. Reina Mercedes, sn 41012 Sevilla, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sheila","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Campus Hospital Universitario Virgen del Roc\u00edo, Avda. Manuel Siurot, s\/n 41013, Sevilla, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1814-6089","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alberto","family":"Yufera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Microelectr\u00f3nica de Sevilla, IMSE, CNM (CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla), Av. Am\u00e9rico Vespucio, sn 41092 Sevilla, Spain"},{"name":"Escuela T\u00e9cnica Superior de Ingenier\u00eda Inform\u00e1tica, Departamento de Tecnolog\u00eda Electr\u00f3nica, Universidad de Sevilla, Av. Reina Mercedes, sn 41012 Sevilla, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fernando","family":"de la Portilla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Campus Hospital Universitario Virgen del Roc\u00edo, Avda. 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