{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T22:05:02Z","timestamp":1776809102467,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,11]],"date-time":"2020-06-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1591833600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Key R&amp;D Program of China","award":["2018YFC0910600"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018YFC0910600"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61605121\/31771584\/61835009\/61775145\/61525503\/61620106016\/81727804"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61605121\/31771584\/61835009\/61775145\/61525503\/61620106016\/81727804"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Project of Department of Education of Guangdong Province","award":["2015KGJHZ002\/2016KCXTD007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2015KGJHZ002\/2016KCXTD007"]}]},{"name":"Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation","award":["2020A1515010377"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020A1515010377"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100017607","name":"Shenzhen Basic Research Project","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JCYJ20170412110212234\/JCYJ20170412110212234\/JCYJ20170412105003520"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JCYJ20170412110212234\/JCYJ20170412110212234\/JCYJ20170412105003520"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100017607","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Science Foundation of Shenzhen University","award":["2017000193"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017000193"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study theoretically proposed a novel surface plasmon resonance biosensor by incorporating emerging two dimensional material blue phosphorus and graphene layers with plasmonic gold film. The excellent performances employed for biosensing can be realized by accurately tuning the thickness of gold film and the number of blue phosphorus interlayer. Our proposed plasmonic biosensor architecture designed by phase modulation is much superior to angular modulation, providing 4 orders of magnitude sensitivity enhancement. In addition, the optimized stacked configuration is 42 nm Au film\/2-layer blue phosphorus \/4-layer graphene, which can produce the sharpest differential phase of 176.7661 degrees and darkest minimum reflectivity as low as 5.3787 \u00d7 10\u22126. For a tiny variation in local refractive index of 0.0012 RIU (RIU, refractive index unit) due to the binding interactions of aromatic biomolecules, our proposed biosensor can provide an ultrahigh detection sensitivity up to 1.4731 \u00d7 105 \u00b0\/RIU, highly promising for performing ultrasensitive biosensing application.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s20113326","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,15]],"date-time":"2020-06-15T05:56:27Z","timestamp":1592200587000},"page":"3326","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Ultrasensitive Surface Plasmon Resonance Biosensor Using Blue Phosphorus\u2013Graphene Architecture"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Keyi","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China"}]},{"given":"Lintong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China"}]},{"given":"Nanlin","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China"}]},{"given":"Xiao","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China"}]},{"given":"Yingxin","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China"}]},{"given":"Yufeng","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7833-4711","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Junle","family":"Qu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176802","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.112.176802","article-title":"Semiconducting layered blue phosphorus: A computational study","volume":"112","author":"Zhu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Phys. 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