{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T15:44:49Z","timestamp":1781711089242,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,17]],"date-time":"2020-06-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1592352000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010198","name":"Ministerio de Econom\u00eda, Industria y Competitividad","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DPI2017-82930-C2-1-R"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DPI2017-82930-C2-1-R"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010198","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002809","name":"Generalitat de Catalunya","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2017 SGR 388"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017 SGR 388"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This work deals with structural health monitoring for jacket-type foundations of offshore wind turbines. In particular, a vibration-response-only methodology is proposed based on accelerometer data and deep convolutional neural networks. The main contribution of this article is twofold: (i) a signal-to-image conversion of the accelerometer data into gray scale multichannel images with as many channels as the number of sensors in the condition monitoring system, and (ii) a data augmentation strategy to diminish the test set error of the deep convolutional neural network used to classify the images. The performance of the proposed method is analyzed using real measurements from a steel jacket-type offshore wind turbine laboratory experiment undergoing different damage scenarios. The results, with a classification accuracy over 99%, demonstrate that the stated methodology is promising to be utilized for damage detection and identification in jacket-type support structures.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s20123429","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,17]],"date-time":"2020-06-17T13:11:32Z","timestamp":1592399492000},"page":"3429","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":62,"title":["Vibration-Response-Only Structural Health Monitoring for Offshore Wind Turbine Jacket Foundations via Convolutional Neural Networks"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2194-6853","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bryan","family":"Puruncajas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Control, Modeling, Identification and Applications (CoDAlab), Department of Mathematics, Escola d\u2019Enginyeria de Barcelona Est (EEBE), Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya (UPC), Campus Diagonal-Bes\u00f3s (CDB), Eduard Maristany, 16, 08019 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Mechatronics Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Production Science (FIMCP), Escuela Superior Polit\u00e9cnica del Litoral (ESPOL), Guayaquil 09-01-5863, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4964-6948","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yolanda","family":"Vidal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Control, Modeling, Identification and Applications (CoDAlab), Department of Mathematics, Escola d\u2019Enginyeria de Barcelona Est (EEBE), Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya (UPC), Campus Diagonal-Bes\u00f3s (CDB), Eduard Maristany, 16, 08019 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6322-4608","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christian","family":"Tutiv\u00e9n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mechatronics Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Production Science (FIMCP), Escuela Superior Polit\u00e9cnica del Litoral (ESPOL), Guayaquil 09-01-5863, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Ohlenforst, K., Backwell, B., and Council, G.W.E. 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