{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T20:40:40Z","timestamp":1784752840765,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,25]],"date-time":"2020-06-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1593043200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010607","name":"Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Perugia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Progetto di RIcerca di Base 2017, 2018, 2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Progetto di RIcerca di Base 2017, 2018, 2019"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010607","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The rapid development and wide application of the IoT (Internet of Things) has pushed toward the improvement of current practices in greenhouse technology and agriculture in general, through automation and informatization. The experimental and accurate determination of soil moisture is a matter of great importance in different scientific fields, such as agronomy, soil physics, geology, hydraulics, and soil mechanics. This paper focuses on the experimental characterization of a commercial low-cost \u201ccapacitive\u201d coplanar soil moisture sensor that can be housed in distributed nodes for IoT applications. It is shown that at least for a well-defined type of soil with a constant solid matter to volume ratio, this type of capacitive sensor yields a reliable relationship between output voltage and gravimetric water content.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s20123585","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,25]],"date-time":"2020-06-25T02:25:16Z","timestamp":1593051916000},"page":"3585","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":118,"title":["Characterization of Low-Cost Capacitive Soil Moisture Sensors for IoT Networks"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5408-5180","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pisana","family":"Placidi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Ingegneria, University of Perugia, via G. Duranti, 93, 06125 Perugia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Gasperini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Ingegneria, University of Perugia, via G. Duranti, 93, 06125 Perugia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Grassi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Ingegneria, University of Perugia, via G. Duranti, 93, 06125 Perugia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3353-8248","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manuela","family":"Cecconi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Ingegneria, University of Perugia, via G. Duranti, 93, 06125 Perugia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Scorzoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Ingegneria, University of Perugia, via G. Duranti, 93, 06125 Perugia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1002\/ett.2704","article-title":"Sensing as a service model for smart cities supported by Internet of Things","volume":"25","author":"Perera","year":"2014","journal-title":"Trans. Emerg. Tel. Tech."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"Rajab, H., and Cinkelr, T. (2018, January 19\u201321). Internet of Things for Smart Cities. Proceedings of the 2018 International Symposium on Networks, Computers and Communications (ISNCC), Rome, Italy."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zgank, A. (2019). 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