{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,22]],"date-time":"2025-10-22T10:42:39Z","timestamp":1761129759643,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,27]],"date-time":"2020-06-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1593216000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This paper introduces a new method of Blockchain formation for reliable storage of personal data of ID-card holders. In particular, the model of the information system is presented, the new structure of smart ID-cards and information on these cards are proposed. The new structure of Blockchain, \u201cBlockchain Tree\u201d, allows not only to store information from ID-cards but also to increase the level of security and access control to this information. The proposed Subchains system allows us to integrate Blockchain of the lower level to Blockchain of the higher level, allowing us to create a multilevel protected system.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s20133621","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,29]],"date-time":"2020-06-29T11:17:17Z","timestamp":1593429437000},"page":"3621","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Blockchain Tree as Solution for Distributed Storage of Personal ID Data and Document Access Control"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5908-7169","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sergii","family":"Kushch","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland"},{"name":"Security and Trust Research Unit, Bruno Kessler Foundation, 38123 Povo, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8324-8869","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yurii","family":"Baryshev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Information Protection Department, Vinnytsia National Technical University, 95 Khmelnytske Shose, 21021 Vinnytsia, Ukraine"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7269-9285","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Silvio","family":"Ranise","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Security and Trust Research Unit, Bruno Kessler Foundation, 38123 Povo, Italy"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"(2020, June 24). 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