{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]],"date-time":"2026-04-14T09:23:48Z","timestamp":1776158628900,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,8]],"date-time":"2020-07-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1594166400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004281","name":"Narodowe Centrum Nauki","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UMO-2018\/30\/Q\/ST3\/00809"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UMO-2018\/30\/Q\/ST3\/00809"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004281","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100014434","name":"Narodowa Agencja Wymiany Akademickiej","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PPI\/APM\/2018\/1\/00031\/U\/001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PPI\/APM\/2018\/1\/00031\/U\/001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100014434","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61961136003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61961136003"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"The Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)","award":["ZDBS-LY-JSC020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZDBS-LY-JSC020"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In this work, we present for the first time a laser-based dual gas sensor utilizing a silica-based Antiresonant Hollow-Core Fiber (ARHCF) operating in the Near- and Mid-Infrared spectral region. A 1-m-long fiber with an 84-\u00b5m diameter air-core was implemented as a low-volume absorption cell in a sensor configuration utilizing the simple and well-known Wavelength Modulation Spectroscopy (WMS) method. The fiber was filled with a mixture of methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2), and a simultaneous detection of both gases was demonstrated targeting their transitions at 3.334 \u00b5m and 1.574 \u00b5m, respectively. Due to excellent guidance properties of the fiber and low background noise, the proposed sensor reached a detection limit down to 24 parts-per-billion by volume for CH4 and 144 parts-per-million by volume for CO2. The obtained results confirm the suitability of ARHCF for efficient use in gas sensing applications for over a broad spectral range. Thanks to the demonstrated low loss, such fibers with lengths of over one meter can be used for increasing the laser-gas molecules interaction path, substituting bulk optics-based multipass cells, while delivering required flexibility, compactness, reliability and enhancement in the sensor\u2019s sensitivity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s20143813","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,8]],"date-time":"2020-07-08T11:47:46Z","timestamp":1594208866000},"page":"3813","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":85,"title":["Antiresonant Hollow-Core Fiber-Based Dual Gas Sensor for Detection of Methane and Carbon Dioxide in the Near- and Mid-Infrared Regions"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4476-5577","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Piotr","family":"Jaworski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laser &amp; Fiber Electronics Group, Faculty of Electronics, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland"}]},{"given":"Pawe\u0142","family":"Kozio\u0142","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laser &amp; Fiber Electronics Group, Faculty of Electronics, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland"}]},{"given":"Karol","family":"Krzempek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laser &amp; Fiber Electronics Group, Faculty of Electronics, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4962-4549","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dakun","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Materials for High Power Laser, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China"},{"name":"Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"}]},{"given":"Fei","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Materials for High Power Laser, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China"},{"name":"Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China"}]},{"given":"Piotr","family":"Boj\u0119\u015b","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laser &amp; Fiber Electronics Group, Faculty of Electronics, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland"}]},{"given":"Grzegorz","family":"Dudzik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laser &amp; Fiber Electronics Group, Faculty of Electronics, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland"}]},{"given":"Meisong","family":"Liao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Materials for High Power Laser, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China"}]},{"given":"Krzysztof","family":"Abramski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laser &amp; Fiber Electronics Group, Faculty of Electronics, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland"}]},{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Knight","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Photonics and Photonic Materials, Department of Physics, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1537","DOI":"10.1126\/science.285.5433.1537","article-title":"Single-Mode Photonic Guidance of Light in Air","volume":"28","author":"Cregan","year":"1999","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3574","DOI":"10.1364\/OL.31.003574","article-title":"Large pitch kagome-structured hollow-core photonic crystal fiber","volume":"31","author":"Couny","year":"2006","journal-title":"Opt. 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