{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T03:00:46Z","timestamp":1760238046978,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,9]],"date-time":"2020-07-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1594252800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["19K21965"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["19K21965"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This work explores energy harvesting from rotary motion using a Wiegand sensor, which is a magnetic sensor that induces a voltage pulse when the magnetization is reversed. The main feature of the Wiegand sensor is that a pulse is generated regardless of how slowly magnetism reversal occurs. Self-sustained sensors play major roles in advancing the Internet of Things (IoT) and wireless sensor networks (WSN). In this study, we identified a linear relationship between rotational motion, magnetic field reversal, and the rotational frequency generated by the Wiegand sensor. In addition, the maximum energy per pulse and its dependence were derived analytically. A maximum energy of 130 nJ per pulse was reported for the sensor used. We developed a single-bit, self-powered digital counter that was sufficiently driven with 38 nJ of energy. In this study, single rotations were measured without the need for external power.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s20143840","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,9]],"date-time":"2020-07-09T10:45:19Z","timestamp":1594291519000},"page":"3840","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Single-Bit, Self-Powered Digital Counter Using a Wiegand Sensor for Rotary Applications"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9636-2932","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Janki","family":"Chotai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instrumentation and Control Engineering Department, Gujarat Technological University, Ahmedabad 382424, Gujarat, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Manish","family":"Thakker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instrumentation and Control Engineering Department, L D. College of Engineering, Ahmedabad 380015, Gujarat, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3680-728X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yasushi","family":"Takemura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Electrical and Computer Engineering, Yokohama National University, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1109\/MSSC.2010.936667","article-title":"Energy Harvesting for Autonomous Wireless Sensor Networks","volume":"2","author":"Vullers","year":"2010","journal-title":"IEEE Solid State Circuits Mag."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.adcom.2019.10.010","article-title":"Industry 4.0: Industrial Internet of Things (IIOT)","volume":"Volume 117","author":"Munirathinam","year":"2020","journal-title":"Advances in Computers"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35243","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2018.2851203","article-title":"Thermal Energy Harvesting WSNs Node for Temperature Monitoring in IIoT","volume":"6","author":"Hou","year":"2018","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alegret, R.N., Aragones, R., Oliver, J., and Ferrer, C. (2019, January 14\u201317). Exploring IIoT and Energy Harvesting Boundaries. Proceedings of the IECON 2019\u201445th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society, Lisbon, Portugal.","DOI":"10.1109\/IECON.2019.8927115"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113710","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apenergy.2019.113710","article-title":"Significant power enhancement method of magneto-piezoelectric energy harvester through directional optimization of magnetization for autonomous IIoT platform","volume":"254","author":"Cho","year":"2019","journal-title":"Appl. Energy"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enconman.2015.12.061","article-title":"Design and analysis of a piezoelectric energy harvester for rotational motion system","volume":"111","author":"Guan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Energy Convers. 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