{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T02:23:00Z","timestamp":1774405380406,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,15]],"date-time":"2020-07-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1594771200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The aim of this study is to compare the accuracy of Airgo\u2122, a non-invasive wearable device that records breath, with respect to a gold standard. In 21 healthy subjects (10 males, 11 females), four parameters were recorded for four min at rest and in different positions simultaneously by Airgo\u2122 and SensorMedics 2900 metabolic cart. Then, a cardio-pulmonary exercise test was performed using the Erg 800S cycle ergometer in order to test Airgo\u2122\u2019s accuracy during physical effort. The results reveal that the relative error median percentage of respiratory rate was of 0% for all positions at rest and for different exercise intensities, with interquartile ranges between 3.5 (standing position) and 22.4 (low-intensity exercise) breaths per minute. During exercise, normalized amplitude and ventilation relative error medians highlighted the presence of an error proportional to the volume to be estimated. For increasing intensity levels of exercise, Airgo\u2122\u2019s estimate tended to underestimate the values of the gold standard instrument. In conclusion, the Airgo\u2122 device provides good accuracy and precision in the estimate of respiratory rate (especially at rest), an acceptable estimate of tidal volume and minute ventilation at rest and an underestimation for increasing volumes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s20143943","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,16]],"date-time":"2020-07-16T10:54:46Z","timestamp":1594896886000},"page":"3943","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Comparison between the Airgo\u2122 Device and a Metabolic Cart during Rest and Exercise"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Andrea","family":"Antonelli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Allergologia e Fisiopatologia respiratoria, Azienda Ospedaliera Santa Croce e Carle, 12100 Cuneo, Italy"}]},{"given":"Dario","family":"Guilizzoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy"}]},{"given":"Alessandra","family":"Angelucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy"}]},{"given":"Giulio","family":"Melloni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chirurgia Toracica, Azienda Ospedaliera Santa Croce e Carle, 12100 Cuneo, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7159-9511","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Federico","family":"Mazza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chirurgia Toracica, Azienda Ospedaliera Santa Croce e Carle, 12100 Cuneo, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8569-650X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alessia","family":"Stanzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chirurgia Toracica, Azienda Ospedaliera Santa Croce e Carle, 12100 Cuneo, Italy"}]},{"given":"Massimiliano","family":"Venturino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chirurgia Toracica, Azienda Ospedaliera Santa Croce e Carle, 12100 Cuneo, Italy"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Kuller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MYAIR Inc., Boston, MA 02116, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2950-0231","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"Aliverti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02600071","article-title":"Respiratory rate predicts cardiopulmonary arrest for internal medicine inpatients","volume":"8","author":"Fieselmann","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. 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