{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T21:49:35Z","timestamp":1776980975149,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,16]],"date-time":"2020-07-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1594857600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"the National Key R&amp;D Program of China","award":["2017YFC1600404"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017YFC1600404"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"the National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["31922070"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31922070"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province","award":["BK20180038"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BK20180038"]}]},{"name":"the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province","award":["BK20171461"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BK20171461"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A simple and low-cost electrochemical sensor based on multimodified screen-printed electrodes (SPEs) was successfully synthesized for the sensitive detection of \u03b2-lactoglobulin (\u03b2-Lg). The surface treatment of SPEs was accomplished by a simple drip coating method using polyethyleneimine (PEI), reduced graphene oxide (rGO), and gold nanoclusters (AuNCs), and the treated SPEs showed excellent electrical conductivity. The modified SPEs were then characterized with UV-Vis, SEM, TEM, and FTIR to analyze the morphology and composition of the AuNCs and the rGO. An anti-\u03b2-Lg antibody was then immobilized on the composite material obtained by modifying rGO with PEI and AuNCs (PEI-rGO-AuNCs), leading to the remarkable reduction in conductivity of the SPEs due to the reaction between antigen and antibody. The sensor obtained using this novel approach enabled a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.08 ng\/mL and a detection range from 0.01 to 100 ng\/mL for \u03b2-Lg. Furthermore, pure milk samples from four milk brands were measured using electrochemical sensors, and the results were in excellent agreement with those from commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) methods.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s20143956","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,16]],"date-time":"2020-07-16T10:54:46Z","timestamp":1594896886000},"page":"3956","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["An Electrochemical Sensor Based on Gold-Nanocluster-Modified Graphene Screen-Printed Electrodes for the Detection of \u03b2-Lactoglobulin in Milk"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Jingyi","family":"Hong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuxian","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Liying","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6625-5557","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ling","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1007\/s00216-009-2989-0","article-title":"Allergens in foods","volume":"395","author":"Paschke","year":"2019","journal-title":"Anal. 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