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Results indicate that these graphene working electrodes are more robust and have lower background current than either screen-printed carbon or edge-plane graphite in seawater. Identification algorithms developed using machine learning techniques are described for several heavy metals, herbicides, pesticides, and industrial compounds. Dose-response curves provide a basis for quantitative analysis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s20144006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,21]],"date-time":"2020-07-21T03:31:50Z","timestamp":1595302310000},"page":"4006","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Multilayer Epitaxial Graphene on Silicon Carbide: A Stable Working Electrode for Seawater Samples Spiked with Environmental Contaminants"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9894-6640","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lisa C.","family":"Shriver-Lake","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue SW, Washington, DC 20375, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachael L.","family":"Myers-Ward","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue SW, Washington, DC 20375, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3394-6164","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Scott N.","family":"Dean","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue SW, Washington, DC 20375, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0462-9872","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeffrey S.","family":"Erickson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue SW, Washington, DC 20375, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David A.","family":"Stenger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue SW, Washington, DC 20375, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7996-590X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Scott A.","family":"Trammell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue SW, Washington, DC 20375, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Erickson, J.S., Shriver-Lake, L.C., Zabetakis, D., Stenger, D.A., and Trammell, S.A. 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